What is the most important indicator for diagnosing early gastric cancer?

The "Study on the Morphological Changes of the Glandular Orifices in the Multi-stage Development of Gastric Cancer" recently completed by relevant researchers has explored a new way and method to predict and discover early cancer, which is of great significance for the early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment of gastric cancer. So, what is the most important indicator for diagnosing early gastric cancer?

In the past, the early diagnostic indicators of gastric cancer were mainly confirmed by gastroscopy, pathological diagnosis and postoperative specimen examination. The research team led by Professor Hu Xiang studied the morphology of the glandular openings of more than 40 cases of early gastric cancer, and used a variety of molecular biological methods and solid microscopes to discover the characteristic changes in the microscopic morphology of precancerous lesions and early gastric cancer, and found the law of change, revealing that the process of cancer development is the change of cell tissue structure caused by gene mutation and loss in tissue cells, and the formation of cancer tissue.

Studies have shown that the occurrence of gastric cancer is a multi-gene involved, multi-stage process. There are various precancerous lesions and changes in precancerous states related to carcinogenesis on the background mucosa of early gastric cancer, especially around the cancer, with dysplastic lesions being the most common, and showing an increasing trend with the increase of cancer foci. The researchers analyzed the expression status of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and tumor suppressor gene 53 and showed that dysplasia, especially severe dysplasia and dysplasia adjacent to cancer, has a proliferation activity similar to that of cancer.

The study also found that electronic gastroscopy also shows the regularity of changes in the morphology of the gastric mucosal glandular openings. The gastric mucosa at different stages of change has a certain glandular opening morphology. As the mucosa changes at each stage, the glandular openings can stretch and deform, presenting a gyrus shape, a coral shape, and may be arranged irregularly or disappear. This change in the morphology of the glandular openings visualizes the multi-stage occurrence process of cancer. The regularity of changes in the morphology of the mucosal glandular openings can serve as an important basis and standard for the diagnosis of early gastric cancer by electronic gastroscopy. This study can improve the diagnosis rate of early cancer, detect changes in high-risk mucosa, and prevent lesions from being missed during surgery. This technology does not require expensive instruments and equipment and is easy to promote in primary hospitals.