Analysis of the spread and metastasis of liver cancer

As a common malignant tumor, the mortality rate of liver cancer patients is relatively high, especially when liver cancer spreads and metastasizes. So what exactly is the spread and metastasis of liver cancer ? Let's talk about the spread and metastasis of liver cancer.

Generally, liver cancer spreads and metastasizes in the following four ways:

1. Hematogenous metastasis: Intrahepatic hematogenous metastasis occurs earliest and is the most common form of liver cancer metastasis. It can invade the portal vein and form tumor thrombi. Tumor thrombi that fall off in the liver can cause multiple metastatic lesions. Tumor thrombi that block the main trunk of the portal vein can cause portal hypertension and refractory ascites. After invading the hepatic vein, liver cancer cells can enter the systemic circulation and metastasize outside the liver. The lung metastasis rate is the highest. It can also metastasize to various parts of the body through the blood, and is more common in organs such as the adrenal glands, bones, kidneys, and brain. Hematogenous metastasis is common in hepatocellular carcinoma.

2. Lymphatic metastasis: Local metastasis to the hepatic hilar lymph nodes is the most common, and it can also metastasize to the supraclavicular, para-aortic, pancreatic, splenic and other lymph nodes. Lymphatic metastasis is the most common form of metastasis for cholangiocarcinoma. Lymphatic metastasis only accounts for 12.6% of the total number of metastases. This is also one of the more common ways of liver cancer spread and metastasis.

3. Implantation metastasis: This is an occasional spread of liver cancer, such as implantation in the retroperitoneum to form bloody ascites. Women may also have ovarian metastatic cancer.

4. Direct infiltration: Liver cancer generally rarely directly infiltrates adjacent organs, but occasionally it can directly spread and infiltrate adjacent tissues and organs, such as the diaphragm, stomach, colon, omentum, etc. This type of liver cancer spread and metastasis is relatively rare and does not occur often.

The above is an introduction to the spread and metastasis of liver cancer. Hereby remind liver cancer patients and their families that once liver cancer is diagnosed, timely treatment must be received. Once liver cancer spreads and metastasizes, it will increase the difficulty of treatment.

For more information, please visit the liver cancer disease special topic at http://www..com.cn/zhongliu/ga/ or consult an expert for free. The expert will then give a detailed answer based on the patient's specific situation.