How to decompose pine bark?

Orchid is a common plant in our life. Many people like to grow orchids. People who grow orchids know that pine bark is a good planting material for orchids. Let the pine bark be decomposed. Generally, pine bark contains oil and is not easy to water. Therefore, the pine bark must be decomposed until it is soaked. However, not all pine barks can be used as nutrient matrix. The following is a detailed introduction on how to decompose pine bark.

One is pine bark that is basically not degraded or slightly degraded;

The second is moderately defatted and degraded pine bark, which we often think of as "mature";

The third is deeply defatted and degraded pine bark, that is, after more than 3 years of sedimentation and fermentation or in a natural state, the wood of the trunk has been completely decayed, and the pine bark has begun to ash from the surface to the inside. The pine bark at this time is the best.

Bark fermentation cultivation medium technology:

The bark is characterized by light weight, high water retention capacity, high organic matter content, high carbon-nitrogen ratio, and a pH value generally between 4.2 and 4.5. Generally speaking, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of pine bark is generally 135:1, and the C/N of coniferous tree bark is between 150 and 300. Among them, the C/N of larch bark is as high as 494. Total carbon 54.3%, total nitrogen 0.11%. In addition to wood components such as cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and other trace elements, the bark is also relatively rich in substances harmful to plant growth such as carbolic acid, tannic anhydride, and high-molecular wood acids. At the same time, because of the bark's strong antibacterial and anti-ant properties, and its difficulty in being penetrated by water and rotten, it is one of the most difficult organic materials to ferment, and it is difficult to deal with general fermentation aids. However, using bark fermentation aids can achieve more ideal results. The following is a brief description of its operation principles.

1. How to prepare and pre-treat materials?

1. 1 cubic meter of bark, 25 kg of dry chicken manure or livestock and poultry manure, 5-10 kg of urea or thiamine, and an appropriate amount of lime;

2. Mix dry chicken manure or livestock manure, urea and thiamine into the bark material to reduce the carbon-nitrogen ratio to below 40;

3. Because the bark of coniferous trees contains substances with high acidity, it is necessary to add an appropriate amount of lime to adjust the pH to 5-5.5

4. Water thoroughly, cover the soil with film, and pile the soil for 2 to 3 days to ensure that the moisture content reaches 50±5%.

5. Dilute and mix 1 kg of bark fermentation aid with 2.5 kg of rice bran to make an incremental bacterial agent. Sprinkle the mixed incremental bacteria agent evenly into the mixed bark mixture, invert it several times to allow the bacteria agent to be evenly adsorbed onto the fermented material. This process is called "inoculation". After inoculation, the materials are piled into a large pile, covered with a covering, and left naturally for 6 to 12 hours for pretreatment to promote the establishment effect of the bacterial agent and allow the bark fermentation aid to be fully absorbed into the material to be fermented.

6. After the pretreatment is completed, the fermented material is piled into a large pile of 1 to 1.5 meters high and covered with a covering to keep it warm and moisturizing;

7. First fermentation. Fermentation takes place in two stages. The first time is from the beginning of fermentation to 25-30 days. Insulation and moisture retention measures should be strengthened to promote the saccharification of the fermented material. After 5-7 days of fermentation, the fermentation temperature should reach 45-50°C. When white mycelium appears on the surface of the fermented material, the first turning and inversion should be carried out. Then continue fermentation, and when the cumulative fermentation temperature reaches 800-900°C, enter the second fermentation period.

8. Second fermentation. Pay attention to control the moisture content of the fermented material at around 60%. When the moisture is insufficient, add 5% urea solution all over, increase the thickness of the pile appropriately, pile it into a large pile again, and continue fermenting. After two weeks at 65°C and three weeks at 60°C, when the cumulative fermentation temperature reaches 80-100°C, the fermentation can basically be stopped.

The functional microorganisms in the bark fermentation aid can fully ferment and decompose the bark, remove components such as carbolic acid and tannic acid that are harmful to plant growth, and greatly enhance the physical properties, commercial properties and economic value of the fermentation products.

3. How to deal with finished products?

9. After fermentation, press the fermentation product

10. Spread it flat to a thickness of about 1.5-2.0 mm and dry it in the air until the moisture content reaches 40±5%. Sieve it with sieves of different mesh sizes for metering and packaging. The finished products should be stored in a ventilated and dry place.