What are the examination methods for colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer emphasizes early diagnosis and early treatment, so many readers will ask, how can we detect colorectal cancer early? Here is a suggestion: For middle-aged and elderly patients (especially those with cancer or intestinal polyps in the family), if they have unexplained bloody stools or changes in bowel habits, unexplained iron deficiency anemia or unexplained weight loss in the near future, they should first consider the possibility of this disease and must undergo various examinations in a timely manner.

1) Fecal examination: Although the fecal occult blood test is not specific for the diagnosis of this disease, the method is simple and easy to perform. It can be used as a screening method or provide clues for early diagnosis.

2) Rectal digital examination: Lower rectal cancer is much more common in my country than in other countries, accounting for 77.5% of rectal cancer. Therefore, most rectal cancers can be felt during rectal digital examination;

3) Sigmoidoscopy: 77.7% of colorectal cancer in China occurs in the rectum and sigmoid colon. The commonly used sigmoidoscope tube is 30 cm long and can directly detect tumors below the anal canal, rectum and mid-sigmoid colon.

4. Barium enema X-ray examination: Patients with lesions in the upper sigmoid colon or higher should undergo barium enema X-ray examination. Ordinary barium enema X-ray examinations are prone to miss small colorectal cancers. It is best to use air-barium double contrast, which can improve the accuracy of radiological diagnosis and show the location and range of the cancer.

5. Electronic colonoscopy: It can clearly observe the entire colon and clamp suspicious lesions for pathological examination under direct vision, which is conducive to the discovery of early and micro colon cancer and the diagnosis of cancer, further improving the diagnostic accuracy of the disease. It is the most important examination method for colorectal cancer.

6) Serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) determination: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) can be detected in the serum of patients with colorectal cancer. It often appears in the serum of patients with malignant tumors and is not a specific antigen related to colorectal cancer. Therefore, serum CEA determination is not specific for the diagnosis of this disease. However, the use of radioimmunoassay to detect CEA and make quantitative dynamic observations is of certain significance in judging the surgical effect of colorectal cancer and monitoring postoperative recurrence. For example, after the colorectal cancer tumor is completely removed by surgery, serum CEA will gradually decrease; if it recurs, it may rise again;

7. Other examinations: Rectal ultrasound scans can clearly show the range, size, depth and surrounding tissue of rectal masses, and can distinguish the fine structures of each layer of the rectal wall. The examination method is simple and can quickly provide images, which is helpful for selecting surgical methods and postoperative follow-up. CT examinations are important for understanding the degree of extraintestinal infiltration of tumors and the presence or absence of lymph node or liver metastasis, and are more accurate in diagnosing the recurrence of rectal cancer.

The above is some knowledge about colorectal cancer examination methods that we have prepared for you today. We hope it can be helpful to you. If you have any other needs, you can also consult our online consulting experts. We are always ready to answer your questions and give you more detailed guidance.

Colorectal cancer: http://www..com.cn/zhongliu/dca/