What are the common side effects of intravenous infusion?

Intravenous infusion is an advanced treatment method. It appeared relatively late, with only a few decades of history, but it is one of the effective means for people to treat various inflammatory diseases. The method of intravenous infusion has become popular and has become a basic treatment method. However, long-term use of intravenous infusion may also cause damage to the body. Let’s take a look at the common side effects of intravenous infusion.

1. Fever reaction

Clinical manifestations: During the infusion, patients may experience fever, chills, and chills. The body temperature of patients with mild fever reactions will be around 38°, while patients with severe fever reactions will experience chills in the early stages, but as the disease worsens, high fever will occur, with the body temperature as high as 40°-41°, accompanied by systemic symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and rapid pulse.

Emergency treatment:

2. Acute pulmonary edema

Clinical manifestations: cough, chest tightness and dyspnea, pink foamy sputum, etc. If the patient's condition is serious, sputum will flow out of the nasal cavity or mouth. When auscultating the patient's lung area, one may hear irregular heartbeat, rapid rhythm, and moist rales.

Emergency treatment:

1. Stop the infusion immediately, instruct the patient to sit upright with both lower limbs hanging down, and report to the doctor on duty.

2. Give high-concentration oxygen (6-8 L/min) and add 20%-30% ethanol to the humidification bottle or use a non-invasive ventilator as prescribed by a doctor.

3. Use cardiotonic, diuretic, vasodilator, sedative and other drugs as prescribed by your doctor.

4. If necessary, perform rotational bandage on the limbs, and loosen the tourniquet on one limb every 5-10 minutes.

5. Comfort the patient's emotions.

6. Record the rescue process.

7. Strengthen inspections, observe closely, and focus on shift handovers.

3. Air Embolism

Clinical manifestations: Patients may experience substernal pain or chest discomfort, dyspnea and severe cyanosis. When auscultating the patient's precordial area, a bubbling sound may also be heard.

Emergency treatment:

1. Immediately turn off the infusion device, place the patient in left lateral position with the head down and feet up, and report to the doctor on duty.

2. Closely observe changes in the patient's condition and give oxygen inhalation and drug treatment as prescribed by the doctor.

3. Provide psychological care.

4. Record changes in the patient’s condition and the rescue process.

5. Focus on shift handover.

IV. Phlebitis

Clinical manifestations: Cord-like red lines appear along the veins, local tissues become red and swollen, hot and painful, accompanied by systemic symptoms such as fever and chills.