What is the process of minimally invasive heart valve repair surgery

The hearts of many people are not prone to illness, but as they age and become weaker, the heart's respiratory function becomes poor, which will gradually cause heart function problems. Many people's hearts need minimally invasive repair surgery to recover. For heart valve disease, minimally invasive heart valve repair surgery is needed, which can repair the heart's endothelium and promote the normal beating of the heart. Only when the heart beats healthily can the patient's life be prolonged.

Severe dilatation of the ventricles and the aorta and pulmonary artery roots can also cause relative insufficiency of the corresponding atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves.

The mitral valve is most commonly affected, followed by the aortic valve. The disease mostly occurs in young and middle-aged people aged 20 to 40, 2/3 of whom are women, and most have a history of rheumatic fever.

Valvular heart disease is the functional or structural abnormality of one or more valve structures (including leaflets, annulus, chordae tendineae or papillary muscles) caused by inflammation, myxoid degeneration, degenerative changes, congenital malformations, ischemic necrosis, trauma, etc., leading to valve stenosis and/or insufficiency.

Severe dilatation of the ventricles and the aorta and pulmonary artery roots can also cause relative insufficiency of the corresponding atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves. The mitral valve is most commonly affected, followed by the aortic valve. The disease mostly occurs in young and middle-aged people aged 20 to 40, 2/3 of whom are women, and most have a history of rheumatic fever.

What is heart valve repair? Minimally invasive small incision refers to a surgical approach incision that is 6 to 10 cm long and located in a relatively hidden part of the chest.

1. Small incision on the right chest

1.1. Small incision in the right armpit: Make a 5-9 cm incision along the line connecting the intersection of the second rib of the right midaxillary line and the intersection of the fifth intercostal space of the anterior axillary line. The length depends on the age and height. Enter the chest at the fourth rib of the anterior axillary line. The approach to the chest causes less muscle damage.

It is generally used for children under 15 years old, as their chest cavity is relatively small. The ribs are highly elastic and can be used relatively safely to correct some simple congenital heart defects, such as the repair of atrial septal defects and ventricular septal defects. It is also capable of performing surgeries such as triatrial heart, anomalous pulmonary venous connection, mitral regurgitation repair and valve replacement.

This incision should be avoided as much as possible for children with severe pulmonary hypertension and concurrent pulmonary dysplasia or pulmonary infection, severe pulmonary hypertension less than 4 months old, tetralogy of Fallot and other complex congenital heart malformations, or children with unclear preoperative diagnosis.

1.2. Right anterior lateral incision: Make an arc incision from the axilla to the 5th intercostal space on the midclavicular line, about 8 to 12 cm long. For women, make a skin incision along the lower edge of the breast, cut between the serratus anterior muscle and the pectoralis major muscle, and enter the chest through the 3rd or 4th intercostal space.

The indications are the same as before. The chest of an adult is relatively large, has poor elasticity, and a deep surgical field, so an anterior lateral incision is generally recommended.

2. The small incision in the left armpit is the same as the small incision in the right armpit, but it is located on the left side. It is used for surgical treatment of patent ductus arteriosus. After complete hemostasis, chest drainage tube can be omitted, which greatly reduces the patient's postoperative pain.