What are the risk factors for villous adenoma of the sigmoid colon?

The occurrence of villous adenoma of the sigmoid colon actually has a relatively large impact on the patient's physical health. Sometimes there is also a risk of other diseases, so it is necessary to understand the reasons. For example, patients with obesity and diabetes are susceptible to these diseases.

1. Researchers from the University of Washington reported at the 2006 Digestive Disease Week that women with type 2 diabetes have an 80% increased risk of developing colorectal adenomas compared with non-diabetic women. The presence of diabetes plus obesity more than doubles the risk of colorectal adenomas and adenomas detected at a more advanced stage compared with nonobese, nondiabetic women.

2. Dr. Jill E. Elwing and colleagues studied 100 women with type 2 diabetes and 500 non-diabetic women who underwent colonoscopy screening. The mean age of patients in the diabetic group was 60 years, 41% were white, and 10% had a first-degree relative with colorectal cancer. The mean body mass index was 34.4, and 29% used insulin. The hormonal status of the nondiabetic control group was comparable. The mean age was 59 years, 68% were white, the mean BMI was 28.5, and 7% had a first-degree relative with colorectal cancer.

3. Any villous or tubulovillous adenoma greater than 1 cm in diameter or advanced adenoma, or any high-grade dysplasia met the definition of adenoma for this study. The incidence of adenoma was 37% in diabetic women and 24% in nondiabetic women. So the odds are 1.80. The incidence of advanced adenomas was 14% in diabetic women and 6% in nondiabetic women, with an odds ratio of 2.4. Compared with non-obese, non-diabetic women, obese women with diabetes had an odds ratio of 2.6 for any adenoma and 3.5 for advanced adenoma.