Overview of Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid cancer is a common thyroid malignancy, so what is differentiated thyroid cancer? From the name, it specifically classifies thyroid cancer. So, let's take a look at the overview of differentiated thyroid cancer and learn more about this disease.

Thyroid cancer, the most common thyroid malignancy, is a malignant tumor derived from thyroid epithelial cells. Early clinical manifestations are not obvious, and there are often no subjective symptoms. The neck mass is often an asymmetric hard mass. The mass is prone to early compression symptoms, such as hoarseness, dyspnea, dysphagia, or local tenderness. When the jugular vein is compressed, signs such as venous distension and facial edema on the affected side may occur. Especially when the thyroid enlargement is accompanied by unilateral vocal cord paralysis, it is one of the characteristics of thyroid cancer.

Thyroid cancer can be classified into differentiated and undifferentiated types based on histology. Differentiated thyroid cancer can be further classified into papillary thyroid cancer and follicular thyroid cancer. It can be seen that differentiated thyroid cancer is a type of thyroid cancer.

It is more common in middle-aged women and children. The male-female ratio is 1:2-3. The first sign of the case (especially in children) is cervical lymphadenopathy. The clinical manifestation is a single thyroid nodule with a hard texture. B-ultrasound examination shows that the nodule diameter is >1cm, solid, and can be clearly distinguished from the peripheral tissue. Radionuclide scanning shows "cold nodules". Thyroid cancer that occurs on the basis of multinodular goiter manifests as a single protruding, large, hard nodule that is distinguished from the peripheral tissue.

The preoperative diagnosis of this disease is mainly determined by FANC. At the same time, a B-ultrasound of the cervical lymph nodes must be performed to check for metastasis, which helps the surgeon decide on the surgical procedure. MRI, PET, CT and other examinations are of little significance for diagnosis. For large, rapidly growing or invasive tumors, they can estimate the extent of involvement of extrathyroidal tissues and organs. Serum Tg is mainly used to monitor postoperative tumor recurrence, and preoperative determination is of little significance.