What are the main symptoms of testicular cancer

The testicles are important reproductive organs for men. They occupy a high position in the male reproductive system and are also prone to lesions. Orchitis is a common male disease. Although testicular cancer is not common, it is indeed very harmful. So, what are the main symptoms of testicular cancer? Let's learn about it together.

Early symptoms of testicular cancer include:

1. Testicular heaviness: Testicular heaviness is one of the symptoms of early testicular cancer. Since testicular tumors are formed by the massive growth of tumor cells, they are a substantial mass. When they grow to a certain size, the weight of the testicles increases suddenly, and the patient will feel heavy and fall, or even have difficulty walking. If you hold up the testicles with your hands, you will feel a certain weight.

2. Hard testicles: If you touch your testicles with your hands, they feel like rocks and are very hard. This is significantly different from the symmetrical swelling and soft texture of the testicles when the testicles are inflamed. Hard testicles are an important symptom of early testicular cancer.

3. Negative light transmission test: Symptoms of early testicular cancer also include negative testicular light transmission test. Generally, when hydrocele occurs, the light transmission of the renal capsule and testicles is enhanced, and the light transmission test is positive; however, when the testicular tumor grows densely and solidly, there is no fluid inside, and the light transmission is greatly weakened, showing negative results.

Symptoms of advanced testicular cancer include:

Symptoms of testicular cancer metastasis: Testicular tumors mainly metastasize to lymph nodes, commonly in the internal iliac, common iliac, para-aortic and mediastinal lymph nodes. The metastatic lesions can be very large and can be felt in the abdomen. Patients complain of waist and back pain. Patients with testicular choriocarcinoma may experience breast hypertrophy and pigmentation of the nipple and areola.

Symptoms of testicular enlargement: 88% of patients have varying degrees of testicular enlargement. Sometimes the testicles are completely replaced by tumors, with a hard texture and no normal elasticity. In the early stage, the surface is smooth, but in the late stage, the surface may be nodular, may adhere to the scrotum, or even rupture. The scrotal skin may be dark red, and there are often tortuous blood vessels on the surface. When doing a light transmission test, it is not transparent.

Pain is another symptom of testicular cancer: Nearly 90% of patients lose testicular sensation and feel no pain. Therefore, the tumor is generally considered to be a painless scrotal mass. It is worth noting that acutely painful testicular tumors can also be seen in clinical practice, but they are often considered to be inflammatory signs. The cause of pain is bleeding or central necrosis in the tumor, or pain caused by testicular tumors invading tissues outside the testicle.