Current status of surgical treatment of thyroid cancer

When it comes to thyroid cancer, many people may not know much about it, but this type of cancer is indeed very difficult to treat, and it has a huge impact on the patient's health. At present, there are many new methods for the treatment of this disease at home and abroad. Today we will learn about the current status of surgical treatment of thyroid cancer.

First, let us understand what kind of disease thyroid cancer is:

Thyroid cancer is the most common thyroid malignancy, accounting for about 1% of all malignant tumors in the body. Except for medullary carcinoma, most thyroid cancers originate from follicular epithelial cells. Common symptoms of thyroid cancer include lumps, hoarseness, difficulty breathing and swallowing, and syndrome caused by sympathetic nerve compression.

Next, let us understand the current status of surgical treatment of thyroid cancer:

One of the most commonly used surgical treatments for thyroid cancer is surgery: surgical treatment of thyroid cancer includes surgery on the thyroid gland itself and neck lymph node dissection. There are still differences in the scope of thyroidectomy, with the smallest scope being lobe and isthmus resection and the largest being total thyroidectomy.

The second method is radionuclide therapy: for papillary adenocarcinoma and follicular adenocarcinoma, 131 iodine radiotherapy is used after surgery. It is suitable for patients over 45 years old, multiple cancer foci, locally invasive tumors and those with distant metastases.

The third treatment method is endocrine therapy: patients who undergo subtotal or total thyroidectomy should take thyroxine tablets for life to prevent hypothyroidism and suppress TSH. Both papillary adenocarcinoma and follicular adenocarcinoma have TSH receptors, and TSH can affect the growth of thyroid cancer through its receptors.

The fourth treatment method is external beam radiation therapy: mainly used for anaplastic thyroid cancer.

The above is the current status of surgical treatment of thyroid cancer. We hope that our work will be helpful to everyone and wish all thyroid cancer patients a speedy recovery.