Biological indicators that affect the prognosis of breast cancer patients

Breast cancer is one of the common types of malignant tumors in my country. It can cause abnormalities in multiple biological indicators of the body and has a significant relationship with poor prognosis. During actual treatment, these biological indicators should be combined with clinical data to better assess the prognosis.

1. Estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor (ER, PR)

Whether breast cancer cells have ER and PR and their content is an important sign of the biological characteristics of breast cancer and can be used as an important biological indicator for endocrine therapy and prognosis. All breast cancer patients with positive ER and PR have a good response to endocrine therapy and a good prognosis; the higher the receptor content, the better the corresponding result.

2. Angiogenesis and microvessel density (MVD)

MVD mainly reflects the intensity and invasiveness of tumor microvascular formation, and is used as a predictor of breast cancer metastasis and recurrence to determine prognosis.

3. Tumor suppressor gene (P53)

P53 can inhibit cells from transforming into cancer cells. It is reported that the P53 gene protein positivity rate in breast cancer patients is 22%-58%.

4. Tumor metastasis suppressor gene (NM23)

NM23 can reduce the invasion and metastasis ability of cancer cells and is an independent prognostic indicator. A decrease in its level will increase the metastatic ability of tumor cells. A high lymph node metastasis rate and increased tissue grade will indicate a poor prognosis.

5. Oncogenes

Once activated, oncogenes can cause normal cells in humans or animals to become cancerous. It is related to poor prognostic factors such as steroid hormone receptor deficiency, lymph node status and histological grade, and is an independent prognostic indicator for breast cancer.