Experts teach you how to diagnose malignant melanoma

According to recent survey statistics, the mortality rate of malignant melanoma patients in China is still very high. One of the reasons is that malignant melanoma is discovered too late. Now let the experts talk about the diagnosis of malignant melanoma.

Preoperative biopsy is generally not recommended for malignant melanoma, because biopsy may promote the rapid spread of tumor cells. Therefore, when encountering nasal neoplasms, which are darker in color, black, purple-brown or light red, and have a nodular, cauliflower-like or polyp-like appearance, and are easy to bleed when touched, and malignant melanomas in other tissues and organs are excluded, a clinical diagnosis of nasal malignant melanoma can be made and treated directly without biopsy to avoid tumor metastasis. If a biopsy is necessary, do not use forceps. Excisional biopsy should be performed, and rapid sectioning is preferred. Once confirmed by pathology, the lesion should be extensively removed.

In addition, the morphology and size of malignant melanoma cells are diverse, ranging from polygonal, spindle-shaped to round, arranged in nests or whorls, with atypical tissue structure. Melanin particles are mostly distributed in the cytoplasm, and a few are distributed outside the cells, or are swallowed by phagocytes. The tumor structure varies greatly, and can be similar to both cancer and sarcoma. When the melanin reaches a certain amount, pathological diagnosis is generally not difficult, but if the melanin particles are too few, misdiagnosis may occur. Lund et al. believe that the s-100 protein positivity rate of malignant melanoma is almost 100%, which is particularly important for those without pigment. In recent years, it is believed that the HMB45 monoclonal antibody has higher specificity for melanoma cells than the s-100 protein and has been adopted.

Malignant melanoma is caused by abnormalities in cells that synthesize melanin. If surgery is performed early, more than 90% of cases can be cured. If it is discovered too late, it will metastasize to other organs and tissues in the human body and become life-threatening. Early malignant melanoma can easily be confused with common moles. Biopsy can detect cancer cells, but it can easily lead to cancer cell metastasis. The new system developed by the researchers can make accurate judgments by comparing multiple feature data.

The above is an explanation of the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. I believe everyone has some understanding of the diagnosis of malignant melanoma. For more questions about malignant melanoma, you can consult our online experts.

For more information, please visit the melanoma disease special topic at http://www..com.cn/waike/hssl/ or consult an expert for free. The expert will then give a detailed answer based on the patient's specific situation.