How to diagnose ovarian tumors?

The incidence of malignant ovarian tumors ranks third among malignant tumors of the female genital organs, but the mortality rate ranks first among gynecological malignant tumors. Therefore, everyone should pay attention to their physical condition so that they can detect and treat the disease early. So, how to diagnose ovarian tumors? Let us introduce it to you in detail.

1. Physical signs: Benign ovarian tumors are mostly unilateral and located next to the uterus. They are spherical, cystic or solid masses with smooth surfaces, mobility, and clear boundaries from the uterus. Malignant ovarian tumors are bilateral, solid or partially solid masses with uneven surfaces and relatively fixed masses. There may be scattered nodules in the rectouterine pouch.

2. Symptoms: Abdominal discomfort. Medium-sized benign tumors or rapidly growing malignant tumors often cause abdominal distension and discomfort. Abdominal masses: Benign tumors grow slowly and are not easy to be found, and patients often touch them accidentally. Malignant tumors grow quickly and are easy to detect. Abdominal pain: When benign tumors are complicated by pedicle torsion, rupture, bleeding, and infection, abdominal pain of varying degrees may occur. Malignant tumors, such as infiltration to the surrounding area or compression of nerves, may cause abdominal pain, back pain, or lower limb pain. Compression symptoms: A large tumor that fills the pelvic cavity may cause compression symptoms, such as frequent urination, dysuria, constipation, shortness of breath, palpitations, etc. How to diagnose ovarian tumors? Uterine disorders and endocrine symptoms: When tumors produce steroid hormones or tumors destroy both ovaries, menstrual disorders or abnormal uterine bleeding may occur. Granular cell tumors and theca cell tumors may produce too much estrogen and cause precocious puberty or postmenopausal uterine bleeding. Testicular blastomas may produce too much androgen and cause masculinization.

3. Auxiliary examinations: Ultrasound examination and B-ultrasound imaging can detect the location, size, shape and nature of the mass. Radiological diagnosis: barium meal or barium enema, air contrast imaging can understand whether there is a tumor in the digestive tract. Laparoscopic examination can directly observe the source and gross condition of the tumor, as well as the entire pelvic and abdominal cavity and diaphragm to determine the scope and stage of the lesion. Cytological examination: cytological examination of ascites extracted by abdominal or posterior fornix puncture is helpful for the diagnosis of ovarian malignant tumors. Tumor marker examination: the concentration of alpha-fetoprotein (aFP) is high in patients with embryonal carcinoma and endodermal sinus carcinoma, and aFP greater than 20μg/L is positive. During laparotomy, enlarged ovaries were found before puberty, and the ovaries can still be palpated after menopause.

The above content is about how to diagnose ovarian tumors. I believe everyone has a certain understanding of this. Experts remind female friends that if they find that they are unwell, they must go to the hospital for examination and diagnosis as soon as possible so that the disease can be cured as soon as possible.

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