Urinary tract stone pain, how to treat

The development of modern industry has not only affected the air quality of our environment, but also polluted many drinking water resources. Moreover, many people now have an unreasonable diet. Two of the three meals are takeout, and they don’t like to drink plain water. They always drink carbonated drinks such as Sprite and Coke. In addition to dietary problems, there are also irregular lifestyles that lead to the occurrence of many diseases. So how to treat problems such as urinary tract stone pain?

Non-surgical treatments:

Non-surgical treatment is generally suitable for patients with stones less than 1 cm in diameter, smooth edges, and no obvious urinary obstruction or infection. Non-surgical treatment can also be temporarily used for some larger staghorn stones in the kidney that do not cause clinical symptoms.

1. Drink plenty of water: increase urine volume to flush the urinary tract, promote the movement of stones downward, dilute urine and reduce crystal precipitation.

2. Chinese herbal medicine treatment: Drinking tea in daily life can not only prevent and improve the treatment of stones, but also regulate the balance of human body mechanisms and enhance human resistance. This type of Chinese herbal tea mainly includes dandelion, honeysuckle, coptis chinensis, etc.

3. Acupuncture method: Increase the peristalsis of the renal pelvis and ureter, which is beneficial to the excretion of stones.

4. Regular jumping activities, or inverted positioning and tapping of stones in the renal calyx can also help to expel the stones.

5. Others: For those with bacterial infection in urine culture, use sensitive drugs (Ofosin, Metronidazole) to actively fight infection. For those with metabolic disorders in the body, actively treat the primary disease and regulate the acidity and alkalinity of urine, etc.

Surgical treatment:

If the urinary obstruction caused by stones has affected renal function, or non-surgical treatment has been ineffective, and the conditions for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy are not available, surgical treatment should be considered.

Preoperative preparation: The renal function of both sides must be understood before surgery. If there is infection, antibiotics should be used to control the infection first. Patients with ureteral stones should have a urinary tract radiograph taken before entering the operating room or on the operating table before surgery to finalize the location of the stone.

Surgical methods: Depending on the size, shape and location of the stones, the following surgical methods are commonly used:

1. Pyeloplasty or renal sinus lithotomy: Open the renal pelvis and remove stones, staghorn stones or calyceal stones. Sometimes a pelvic and calyceal incision within the renal sinus is required to remove the stones.

2. Renal parenchyma incision and lithotomy: If the kidney stones are large and cannot be removed through the renal sinus, the renal parenchyma needs to be incised to remove the stones.

3. Partial nephrectomy: It is suitable for multiple stones in one pole of the kidney (mostly in the lower pole of the kidney), or located in the dilated and poorly drained renal calyx. The kidney pole or the renal calyx together with the stones can be removed.

4. Nephrectomy: If one side has kidney stones and severe hydronephrosis or pyonephrosis, which has caused severe damage to or loss of renal function, while the contralateral kidney has good function, the affected kidney can be removed.

5. Ureterotomy: Ureterotomy can be performed for patients with ureteral stones larger than 1 cm in diameter or stone impaction that causes urinary obstruction or infection and for patients who have not responded to non-surgical treatment.

6. Lithotomy: If the diameter of stones in the middle and lower ureter is less than 0.6 cm, they can be removed through cystoscopy using a special basket or catheter.