What are the items in hemolysis test?

Hemolysis is mainly caused by intrinsic defects in red blood cells or the injection of certain substances into the plasma that lead to the destruction of red blood cells. When iron deficiency anemia, ineffective bone marrow hematopoiesis or intracavitary bleeding occurs, you should pay more attention and observe at all times. It is best to go to a regular hospital for examination.

⒈ Routine peripheral blood examination : decreased red blood cell count and hemoglobin content, broken red blood cells and abnormally shaped red blood cells can be seen in the blood smear. The presence of typical atypical red blood cells or autoagglutination may provide clues to the cause of hemolysis.

⒉ The significance of plasma free hemoglobin measurement : Normal plasma contains only trace amounts of free hemoglobin, and >40 mg/L is an important indicator of hemolysis, especially intravascular hemolysis, such as paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, blood type incompatible transfusion reactions, etc. Extravascular hemolysis, such as hereditary spherocytosis, generally does not increase.

⒊ Significance of serum haptoglobin determination (Hp)

A. Decreased serum haptoglobin is seen in:

⑴ Various hemolytic anemias, including intravascular or extravascular hemolysis.

⑵Hepatocellular damage, infectious mononucleosis, congenital ahaptoglobinemia, etc.

B. Increased serum haptoglobin is seen in infection, tissue damage, extrahepatic obstructive jaundice, malignant tumors, etc.

⒋ The significance of plasma methemoglobin test . This test helps to distinguish intravascular or extravascular hemolysis. A positive result indicates severe intravascular hemolysis. For example, in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, a methemoglobin albumin band appears, while in spherocytosis, which is extravascular hemolysis, there is no such band.

5. Urine test

⑴ Increased excretion of urobilinogen.

⑵ The occult blood test is positive, because hemoglobinuria occurs when the plasma free hemoglobin increases significantly, exceeding the amount of bound globin and the reabsorption function of the renal tubules.

⑶ A positive reaction in the urine hemosiderin test reflects chronic hemolysis, especially intravascular hemolysis.