What are the symptoms of hydronephrosis?

Everyone should pay attention to the symptoms of hydronephrosis. The most typical symptoms are lower back pain or a feeling of heaviness and discomfort. Be especially vigilant when there is swelling in the lower back and abdomen. Some people may also have hematuria or other infections.

1. Low back pain is persistent dull pain or discomfort.

2. The lumps in the waist and abdomen initially start below the rib margin and gradually extend to the lateral abdomen and waist. Large ones may cross the midline and become smooth-surface cystic lumps with regular edges, a sense of fluctuation, and no obvious tenderness.

3. Hematuria is usually microscopic hematuria. Hematuria worsens after concurrent infection, stones or trauma.

4. Oliguria or anuria If water accumulates in both kidneys, a solitary kidney, or only one functional kidney, and the patient's renal function is severely impaired, oliguria or anuria will occur.

5. Alternating oliguria and polyuria is seen in some patients with primary hydronephrosis. The lump may suddenly shrink and the pain may be relieved after urinating a large amount of urine. When the urine volume decreases, the lump will rapidly increase and the pain will worsen.

6. Hypertension: About 1/3 of patients with severe hydronephrosis have hypertension, which is mildly or moderately elevated. This may be due to renal parenchymal ischemia caused by compression of the interlobular arteries by the dilated renal pelvis and calyces.

7. Spontaneous renal rupture in the absence of trauma may cause renal pelvic rupture due to secondary infection, resulting in perinephric hematoma and urine extravasation. It manifests as sudden pain in the waist and abdomen, with widespread and obvious tenderness and muscle tension.

8. The body temperature rises when fever is followed by infection.

9. Digestive tract symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and vomiting. These symptoms will worsen after drinking large amounts of water.

10. Bilateral obstruction leads to chronic renal failure and uremia.

Hydronephrosis often has no typical clinical manifestations, and is mainly manifested by symptoms and signs of the primary disease. When diagnosing hydronephrosis, the presence of hydronephrosis should be confirmed first, and then the cause of the hydronephrosis, the location of the lesion, the degree of obstruction, the presence or absence of infection, and the condition of renal function damage should be found out. The diagnosis can usually be confirmed through comprehensive and detailed medical history collection, analysis of symptoms and signs, and comprehensive analysis of laboratory and imaging examinations.