What are the treatments for hypertension

The proportion of elderly people in today's society has increased significantly, and an aging society has arrived ahead of schedule, which has also brought about some geriatric diseases. For example, hypertension is one of the main threats to the health of the elderly. Hypertension is difficult to treat and has the characteristics of rapid onset. Therefore, it is not easy to treat hypertension. Let's explain the treatments for hypertension in response to this issue.

The main goal of hypertension treatment is to achieve blood pressure control, and the ultimate goal of antihypertensive treatment is to minimize the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in patients with hypertension. Antihypertensive treatment should establish blood pressure control target values. On the other hand, hypertension often coexists with other risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, such as hypercholesterolemia, obesity, diabetes, etc., which synergistically increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Treatment measures should be comprehensive. The blood pressure lowering targets are different for different populations. The general blood pressure lowering target for patients is below 140/90 mmHg. For high-risk patients with comorbidities such as diabetes or kidney disease, the blood pressure should be lowered as appropriate. For all patients, regardless of whether their blood pressure is higher than normal at other times, attention should be paid to monitoring their blood pressure in the morning. Studies have shown that more than half of the patients whose blood pressure meets the standard in the clinic do not meet the standard in the morning.

(1) Improve lifestyle behaviors

①Reduce and control weight.

②Reduce sodium intake.

③Supplement calcium and potassium salts.

④Reduce fat intake.

⑤Increase exercise.

⑥Quit smoking and limit drinking.

⑦ Reduce mental stress and maintain psychological balance.

(2) Individualization of blood pressure control standards Due to different causes and different pathogenesis of hypertension, clinical medication should be treated differently to select the most appropriate drug and dosage to obtain the best therapeutic effect.

(3) Collaborative control of multiple cardiovascular risk factors: Although blood pressure is controlled within the normal range after antihypertensive treatment, multiple risk factors other than elevated blood pressure still have an important impact on prognosis.