Can intestinal tuberculosis be cured? What methods are used?

Intestinal tuberculosis is the most common disease among digestive system tuberculosis. Generally, patients with pulmonary tuberculosis are very likely to suffer from intestinal tuberculosis. The treatment of intestinal tuberculosis is relatively mature, but the treatment period required is relatively long.

The goal of treating intestinal tuberculosis is to eliminate symptoms, improve the general condition, promote healing of lesions and prevent complications. The early lesions of intestinal tuberculosis are reversible, so early treatment should be emphasized; if the disease has reached the late stage, even if reasonable and timely anti-tuberculosis drug treatment is given, complications are inevitable.

1. Rest and nutrition : The reduction of body resistance is an important factor in the occurrence and development of tuberculosis. Therefore, reasonable rest and nutrition should be the basis of treatment to enhance the body's resistance. For active intestinal tuberculosis, bed rest is required, nutrition should be actively improved, and intravenous high-nutrition treatment should be given when necessary.

2. Anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy:

The initial anti-tuberculosis treatment regimen is 2HRZE/10HRE, which is generally effective for at least one year. The anti-drug-resistant tuberculosis treatment regimen has an intensive period of 6 months and a consolidation period of 18 months. Take pyrazinamide orally throughout the course, select anti-tuberculosis drugs based on drug sensitivity, and use combination therapy, usually 6 anti-tuberculosis drugs.

The clinical application of drugs should adhere to the principles of early, combined, appropriate, regular and full-course use of sensitive drugs. The chemotherapy plan depends on the severity of the disease. Generally, isoniazid and rifampicin, two bactericidal drugs, are used in combination. Symptoms will improve within 1 to 2 weeks of treatment, appetite will increase, and body temperature and stool characteristics will return to normal. For severe intestinal tuberculosis, or those with severe extraintestinal tuberculosis, streptomycin or levofloxacin should be added, and aminosalicylic acid should be used in combination.

3. Surgery: Surgery is only suitable for the treatment of complications, including the following situations:

(1) Perforation of tuberculous ulcer.

(2) Localized perforation accompanied by abscess formation or fistula formation.

(3) Scarring causes intestinal stenosis or shortening of the mesentery, resulting in intestinal twisting.

(4) Localized proliferative tuberculosis causes partial intestinal obstruction.

(5) Patients with massive intestinal bleeding who cannot be satisfactorily stopped by active rescue efforts should be treated with anti-tuberculosis drugs before and after surgery.