What are the B-ultrasound manifestations of lower limb blood vessels

In today's social life, the existence of a child is the hope of a family and the fruit of love between husband and wife, so every family hopes to have a baby of their own to love. The health of pregnant women needs to be checked with B-ultrasound to ensure whether the woman's body is healthy. If there is something wrong with the blood vessels in the lower limbs, our movements will become extremely inconvenient. What are the B-ultrasound manifestations of lower limb blood vessels?

Two-dimensional ultrasound shows: The blood vessels of normal limbs are symmetrical, with clear diameters, and gradually become thinner from the proximal end to the distal end. The walls of arteries are thicker and more elastic, while the walls of veins are thinner and more compressible. There was no echo in the lumen. Using a high-resolution probe, one can see that the arterial wall has a three-layer structure, and the valves on the venous wall and the "mist-like" echoes in the lumen can be seen flowing with the blood flow.

Color Doppler findings (Figure 10-1-3, Figure 10-1-4): The lumen is well filled with colored blood flow and has neat edges. The arteries show rapid three-phase blood flow in each cardiac cycle, and its significance is consistent with the three-phase blood flow spectrum displayed by pulsed Doppler. The vein has a unidirectional return blood flow signal that continuously fills the entire lumen. When the distal limb veins are squeezed, the blood flow signal in the lumen is enhanced. When the squeeze is relaxed or a test is performed, the blood flow signal is interrupted or a brief reflux occurs.

Pulse Doppler imaging

(1) Arteries: narrow-band three-phase blood flow spectrum, that is, the blood flow velocity accelerates in the early stage of contraction, forming a steep upward peak, and then rapidly decreases, and then drops below the baseline in the early stage of diastole, forming a short reverse blood flow, and then a positive phase blood flow appears in the late diastole, with a blunt waveform and a lower velocity.

(2) Veins (Figure 10-1-6): The blood flow spectrum of the deep veins of the lower extremities is characterized by unidirectional blood flow (centripetal blood flow) that changes with respiratory movement. During a deep breath or a Valsalva maneuver, blood flow in large and medium veins stops. Blood flow increases after exhalation or compression of a distal limb. The spectrum of upper limb venous blood flow is related to the distance to the superior vena cava. The closer to the superior vena cava, the more susceptible the spectrum is to the impact of cardiac pulsation.

Deep venous valvular insufficiency of the lower extremities

It is divided into two categories: primary and secondary. The primary cause of the disease is not yet clear, and it is a general term for non-thrombotic deep vein valvular insufficiency in the lower extremities. The secondary cause of the disease is the sequelae of lower limb venous thrombosis.

Primary venous valvular insufficiency of the lower extremities

⑴ Two-dimensional ultrasound manifestations: The diameter of the deep veins in the lower limbs is widened and the walls are smooth. The edges of the venous valves are fuzzy and relatively short.

⑵ Color and pulse Doppler performance: good color filling and neat edges. After squeezing the calf and then quickly releasing it or doing a Valsalva test, the color blood flow will show a "reversal" of color. The spectrum shows reverse blood flow signals that last for more than 1 second.

After reading the above introduction to the B-ultrasound manifestations of lower limb blood vessels, I think everyone should have some understanding. There are many manifestations of lower limb vascular B-ultrasound. We must correctly understand and master the knowledge in this area, and take corresponding measures according to the manifestations for targeted improvement and treatment. We must pay good attention to our physical health to prevent the occurrence of other diseases and their complications.