What are the types of hand arteries?

In our daily lives, we are always troubled by one disease or another, which gives us a lot of headaches. These diseases have a serious impact on our bodies. Our body is a magical big family. The blood vessels in the body are spread all over the body and have the function of transporting blood. The blood vessels in our hands are divided into arteries and veins, and they have different functions. What are the types of arteries in the hand?

Smooth muscle: These small blood vessels are located far from the center (periphery) and are called resistance vessels because their smooth muscles can contract and dilate to keep blood pressure stable (if this function is not normal, it is called orthostatic dysregulation, and the patient will feel dizzy when standing up)

Elastic type: This type of large proximal blood vessels can use their own elasticity to convert the fluctuating blood flow caused by heart beats into a steady fluid flow. This is the so-called air chamber effect. This can protect peripheral organs from being worn out by high and low blood pressure. However, when people suffer from arteriosclerosis, this function of the blood vessels will be weakened or even lost, leading to long-term high blood pressure or even ventricular hypertrophy, transient ischemic attack (brief loss of consciousness), stroke (excessive blood pressure can lead to massive bleeding, while low blood pressure can lead to ischemia), or a ruptured aneurysm.

The intima is composed of the endothelium, subendothelial layer, and internal elastic lamina. The subendothelial layer is located outside the endothelium and is a thinner loose connective tissue containing a small amount of smooth muscle fibers. The internal elastic lamina is composed of elastin and has many small holes. In the cross section of the middle artery, due to the contraction of the blood vessel wall, the internal elastic lamina becomes wavy and can be used as the dividing line between the inner and middle membranes. The middle membrane is thicker and is mainly composed of 10 to 40 layers of smooth muscle, so it is called a muscular artery. There are a small amount of elastic fibers and collagen fibers between the smooth muscles. The contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle fibers can control the size of the blood vessels and regulate the blood flow to the organs. In addition, smooth muscle fibers have the function of producing connective tissue and matrix; the thickness of the outer membrane is similar to that of the middle membrane and is composed of loose connective tissue. The outer membrane and the middle membrane are separated by an external elastic membrane, and small blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves are distributed in the outer membrane.

Arterioles with a diameter between 0.3 and 1 mm are called small arteries. Their wall structure is similar to that of medium arteries, but each layer is thinner. The internal elastic membrane is obvious, the middle membrane contains several layers of smooth muscle, and the external elastic membrane is not obvious. The contraction and relaxation of smooth muscles can reduce the diameter of the artery and increase blood flow resistance. Therefore, small arteries are also called peripheral resistance vessels. Arterioles with a diameter below 0.3 mm are called micro-arteries. Their wall is composed of endothelium and 1 to 2 layers of smooth muscle, and the outer membrane is thinner.

The large arteries are also called elastic arteries, such as the aorta, pulmonary artery, innominate artery, common carotid artery, subclavian artery and common iliac artery. The large arteries and medium arteries are gradual, with no clear boundaries between them. The intima is thicker than that of the middle artery, and the internal elastic membrane is continuous with the elastic membrane of the middle membrane; the middle membrane: the thickest, mainly composed of 40 to 70 layers of elastic membrane with holes, so it is also called elastic artery. There are smooth muscles and a small amount of collagen fibers and elastic fibers between the elastic membranes; the outer membrane is thinner and is composed of connective tissue, which contains nutrient blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, nerves, etc. The external elastic membrane is connected to the middle elastic membrane, so the boundary is unclear.

After reading the above introduction to the types of hand arteries, I think everyone should have some understanding of it. There are many types of hand arteries. We must correctly understand and master this knowledge and take targeted treatments according to the symptoms. We must take good care of our bodies and check our health conditions in a timely manner. To ensure good health.