What are the symptoms of enteritis?

Enteritis is a very common disease, and this disease seriously affects our work and study. This type of disease can cause great harm to patients, so patients must learn more about the symptoms and manifestations of enteritis, so that they can prevent enteritis. So, what are the symptoms of enteritis? Let’s take a brief look at it!

Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea are the main symptoms of acute gastroenteritis. Why does acute gastroenteritis cause vomiting and diarrhea? This is caused by nerve reflex. In acute gastroenteritis, bacteria, toxins or inflammation of the gastrointestinal mucosa stimulate the receptors in the digestive tract, and impulses are transmitted to the vomiting center in the medulla oblongata, causing excitement of the vomiting center. The impulses reach the stomach, diaphragm, respiratory muscles, abdominal muscles, pharynx, palate, epiglottis, etc. through the efferent nerves, causing a series of coordinated movements that constitute the vomiting action. At the same time, due to the inflammatory stimulation of the intestinal mucosa, the intestinal contents increase, which directly or reflexly causes increased intestinal motility and reduced absorption function, resulting in diarrhea.

Since vomiting and diarrhea have a certain protective effect on the human body under certain circumstances, different measures should be taken clinically according to different situations. For example, in case of food poisoning or accidental ingestion of poison, not only should antidiarrheal drugs not be given, but on the contrary, emetics and laxatives should be given to promote the excretion of poison. If vomiting and diarrhea are caused by gastrointestinal inflammation, in order to reduce the adverse effects of water-salt metabolism and electrolyte imbalance on the body, antiemetic and antidiarrheal treatments should be given while actively treating the cause.

Patients with chronic enteritis

Chronic enteritis refers to chronic inflammatory diseases of the intestines, which may be caused by infections with microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, or by allergies, hypersensitivity reactions, etc. The clinical manifestations are long-term chronic or recurrent abdominal pain, diarrhea, indigestion, etc. In severe cases, there may be mucus or watery stools.

Medication

Viral enteritis generally does not require pathogen treatment and can heal on its own. Antibiotics are generally not used for enterotoxigenic bacterial enteritis. For invasive bacterial enteritis, it is best to select antibiotics based on the results of bacterial drug sensitivity tests. When suffering from bacillary dysentery, because Shigella dysenteriae is widely resistant to commonly used antibiotics, co-trimoxazole (cotrimoxazole), pipemidic acid, gentamicin, amikacin, etc. can generally be used. Campylobacter jejuni enteritis can be treated with erythromycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, etc. Yersinia enterocolitica enteritis is generally treated with gentamicin, kanamycin, co-trimoxazole, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, etc. Patients with mild Salmonella enteritis may not need antibiotics, while patients with severe cases can use chloramphenicol or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Invasive Escherichia coli enteritis can be treated with neomycin, colistin and gentamicin with good results. Amoebic dysentery, enteritis caused by Giardia lamblia and Trichomonas can be treated with metronidazole (Flagyl). Schistosomiasis can be treated with praziquantel. Oral nystatin is effective in treating Candida albicans enteritis.

Through the introduction above, I believe everyone has a detailed understanding of the symptoms and manifestations of enteritis. Once the above phenomena occur, you must go to the hospital for treatment in time to prevent the disease from worsening. Patients with this type of disease must receive timely treatment, which will be safer.