What are the nursing measures for acute upper respiratory tract infection

Acute respiratory tract infection is a relatively common respiratory disease. If this disease occurs, it must be taken seriously and treated in time to avoid serious damage to the body. The following content introduces in detail the nursing measures for acute upper respiratory tract infection. Patients with this disease can fully understand the nursing measures.

(1) Care: pay attention to proper rest, drink plenty of water, and give liquid or easily digestible food during fever. Pay attention to the cleanliness of your mouth, eyes and nose, and maintain indoor air circulation and appropriate temperature and humidity.

(ii) symptomatic treatment;

1. Cooling and sedation. Physical cooling can be given for high fever, such as cold compress on the head, 35% alcohol bath or warm water bath, or oral aspirin 5-10 mg/kg each time, or oral paracetamol 10-15 mg/kg each time. Patients with high fever and irritability should be given phenobarbital at the same time as antipyretics to prevent convulsions.

2. For nasal congestion, use 0.5% ephedrine nasal drops before meals or before bedtime. Before using the medicine, you should first clear the nasal secretions and drop 1 to 2 drops into each nostril each time. This can reduce congestion and swelling of the nasal mucosa, keep the respiratory tract unobstructed, and facilitate breathing and sucking.

(iii) Antiviral drugs can prevent viruses from entering host cells, inhibit the replication of viral nucleic acids, and interfere with the synthesis of viral proteins, thereby potentially inhibiting the reproduction of viruses in cells and achieving the purpose of prevention and treatment. Virazo1 can be tried. It is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug with a daily dose of 10 to 15 mg/kg, administered intramuscularly or intravenously. Or use virazole tablets (2 mg), children under 7 years old take one tablet sublingually every 2 hours, 6 times a day, stop taking it at night, change to 4 times a day after the fever subsides, 3 to 5 days as a course of treatment. Or try 0.5% ribavirin nasal drops, once every 1 to 2 hours. Some people advocate the use of aerosol administration. You can also use 3-5 mg/kg of pancreatin per day, orally in 2-3 times. In recent years, it has been found that this drug has an inhibitory effect on viruses.

(IV) To control bacterial infection, if the condition is severe and there is a risk of secondary bacterial infection or complications, sulfonamides or penicillin can be used for 3 to 5 days. If the patient has a history of rheumatic fever, nephritis, or is clearly infected with β-hemolytic streptococci, penicillin can be used for 7 to 10 days or longer.

(5) Traditional Chinese Medicine treatment: Upper respiratory tract infection is called "cold" in traditional Chinese medicine. It is divided into wind-cold cold and wind-heat cold according to clinical differentiation. The former should be treated with pungent and warm herbs to relieve the symptoms, and Xingsu San or Jingfang Baidu San are commonly used. The latter is suitable for relieving exterior symptoms with pungent and cool properties, clearing away heat and detoxifying, and Yinqiao Powder with modifications or Sangju Drink is often used.

Nursing measures for acute upper respiratory tract infection are a particularly important link. The above content introduces in detail what nursing measures are. For many patients, they must pay attention to this disease. After understanding the nursing measures, they can get treatment as soon as possible to cure acute upper respiratory tract infection and recover as soon as possible through correct treatment of nursing measures.