What are the oral drug treatments for osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a common disease among middle-aged and elderly people. For those who suffer from osteoporosis, it is necessary to understand the oral drug treatments for osteoporosis. So what are the oral drug treatments for osteoporosis? Next, this article will introduce oral medication treatments for osteoporosis for your reference only. Friends who want to know about the oral medication treatments for osteoporosis can take a look!

Osteoporosis, also known as osteoporosis, is a group of bone diseases caused by various reasons. The bone tissue has normal calcification, and the ratio of calcium salts to matrix is ​​normal. It is a metabolic bone disease characterized by a decrease in the amount of bone tissue per unit volume. In most cases of osteoporosis, the loss of bone tissue is primarily due to increased bone resorption. Characterized by bone pain and easy fractures.

What are the oral medications for osteoporosis?

1. Hormone replacement therapy

Hormone replacement therapy is considered to be the best choice and the most effective treatment for osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. However, the problem is that hormone replacement therapy may bring adverse reactions to other systems. Hormone replacement therapy should be avoided in patients with breast disease and those who cannot tolerate its side effects.

1. Estradiol: It is recommended to start taking it after menopause and take it for life if tolerated. Testosterone replacement therapy increases BMD of the spine but does not appear to increase BMD of the hip, so androgens may be considered antiresorptive agents.

2. Androgen: Studies have shown that for male patients with osteoporosis caused by severe sex hormone deficiency, giving

3. Testosterone: Intramuscular injection once every 2 to 4 weeks can be used to treat patients with decreased BMD due to hypogonadism.

2. Selective estrogen receptor modulators

This type of drug has weak estrogen-like effects in some organs, but can act as an estrogen antagonist in other organs. SERMs can prevent osteoporosis and reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease, breast cancer and endometrial cancer. One such drug is raloxifene.

3. Diphosphonates

Bisphosphonates are synthetic analogs of pyrophosphate that bind to hydroxyapatite in bones. They can specifically inhibit osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and increase bone density. The specific mechanism is still not fully understood, but it is considered to be related to regulating the function and activity of osteoclasts. Contraindicated for use by pregnant women or women planning to become pregnant.

4. Calcitonin

Calcitonin is a peptide hormone that can quickly inhibit osteoclast activity and slowly reduce the number of osteoclasts. It has the functions of relieving pain, increasing activity and improving calcium balance. It has an analgesic effect on patients with fractures and is suitable for patients who have contraindications or cannot tolerate bisphosphonates and estrogen.

5. Vitamin D and Calcium

Vitamin D and its metabolites can promote the absorption of calcium in the small intestine and bone mineralization. Active vitamin D (such as Rogaine and alfacalcidol) can promote bone formation, increase the production of osteocalcin and the activity of alkaline phosphatase. Taking active vitamin D can reduce the incidence of vertebral and extravertebral fractures in patients with osteoporosis more than taking calcium supplements alone. There are also combined preparations of vitamin D and calcium available, which have more reliable therapeutic effects.

6. Fluoride

Fluoride is an effective stimulator of bone formation, which can increase vertebral and hip bone density and reduce the incidence of vertebral fractures. This medicine is contraindicated in children and those in the growth and development period.

The above is an introduction to the oral drug treatments for osteoporosis. From the above introduction, we can see that there are many drugs for treating osteoporosis, but patients should never buy medicine by themselves! Be sure to take these medicines under the guidance of your doctor.