What are the causes of gallbladder cancer? Can gallbladder cancer be cured?

What are the causes of gallbladder cancer?

1. Gallstones

Studies have shown that gallstones increase the likelihood of gallbladder cancer. The larger the size of the stone, the higher the likelihood of adverse changes in bile duct cells. This may be due to the irritation of the gallbladder mucosa by the friction of the stone, and the friction of the stone mucosa by the gas, the mucosal surface seems to proliferate and induce cancer.

2. Benign gallbladder tumor

Although benign tumors do not metastasize, they also have a certain chance of worsening. Benign gallbladder tumors include gallbladder adenomas and gallbladder adenomas. If they are not stimulated, they are usually very safe and will not have adverse effects on the body. However, the tumor may gradually increase. When it increases to a certain size, it may be easily stimulated by exercise, begin to worsen, and develop into gallbladder cancer.

3. Bile duct disease

The bile duct can store membrane fluid, and when the membrane fluid flows into the bile duct, it will affect the gallbladder, stimulate the gallbladder epithelium, form inflammation, and eventually lead to adverse changes.

4. Smoking

Carcinogens in tobacco are also common, not only in our lungs but in many of our organs. These carcinogens can cause disruptions in estrogen levels and cholesterol metabolism, and lead to gallbladder cancer.

Can gallbladder cancer be cured?

The cure rate of gallbladder cancer mainly depends on the stage and spread of the cancer. At present, the cure rate of stage I gallbladder cancer is very high. Gallbladder cancer can also be cured by surgical resection, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and other treatments, and the cure rate can reach about 70%. However, if it is discovered or started late, and the treatment has reached the second or even third stage, the cure rate will be greatly reduced. Even with active treatment, the five-year survival rate is only about 20%.

In addition to cancer staging, the degree of spread also has a great impact on the treatment of gallbladder cancer. If the degree of spread is small, it can also be removed and cured by surgery. For patients with a larger degree of spread, if it is in the middle and late stages with multiple metastases, doctors generally do not recommend surgical treatment, but will take treatments to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life.