How long does it take for mannitol to take effect after oral administration

Mannitol is a common drug in clinical medicine. It is a drug that can treat a variety of diseases such as cerebral edema, glaucoma and acute renal failure. Of course, after taking mannitol orally, it takes a certain amount of time for the final effect to take effect, and the general time to take effect is about half an hour. Next, I will give you a detailed introduction to mannitol, a widely used drug!

1. What is mannitol?

Mannitol is a type of hexane hexacol. It absorbs heat when dissolved, has a sweet taste, and feels comfortable in the mouth. Therefore, it is more widely used in the manufacture of chewable tablets such as hangover medicines and mouth fresheners. Its granular form is specially used as an excipient for direct tableting. Mannitol is a hypertonic tissue dehydrating agent, which is widely used clinically to treat cerebral edema, prevent acute renal failure, treat glaucoma, and accelerate the excretion of poisons and drugs from the kidneys.

2. Basic properties of mannitol

White needle-shaped crystals. Melting point 166, relative density 1.52, 1.489 (20°C), boiling point 290-295°C (467kPa). 1g of this product can be dissolved in about 5.5ml water (about 18%, 25℃), 83ml alcohol, more soluble in hot water, soluble in pyridine and aniline, insoluble in ether. The aqueous solution is acidic. This product is an isomer of sorbitol. Sorbitol is highly hygroscopic, while this product is completely non-hygroscopic. Mannitol has a sweet taste, and its sweetness is equivalent to 70% of sucrose.

3. The main uses of mannitol

Mannitol is a good diuretic in medicine, reducing intracranial pressure, intraocular pressure, and treating kidney medicine, dehydration agent, sugar substitute, and is also used as an excipient for tablets and a thinner for solids and liquids. Mannitol injection, as a high osmotic antihypertensive drug, is a commonly used drug in clinical rescue, especially in the rescue of brain diseases. It has the characteristics of rapid blood pressure reduction and accurate efficacy required of drugs for reducing intracranial pressure. As an excipient for tablets, mannitol is non-hygroscopic, dries quickly, has good chemical stability, and has the characteristics of refreshing taste and good granulation properties. It is used in most tablets of anticancer drugs, antibiotics, antihistamines, vitamins, etc.

In addition, it is also used in chewable tablets such as hangover sobering medicine and mouth freshener. In terms of food, this product has the lowest water absorption among sugars and sugar alcohols and has a refreshing sweet taste. It is used to prevent foods such as maltose, chewing gum, and rice cakes from sticking, and can be used as an anti-sticking powder for general pastries. It can also be used as a low-calorie, low-sugar sweetener for foods for diabetic patients, bodybuilding foods, etc. In industry, mannitol can be used in the plastics industry to make rosin esters and artificial glycerin resins, explosives, detonators (nitromannitol), etc. It is used for the determination of boron in chemical analysis and as a bacterial culture agent in biological testing. Although mannitol can be absorbed by the human gastrointestinal tract, it does not accumulate in the body. After being absorbed, part of it is metabolized in the body and the other part is excreted in the urine; dibromomannitol can be produced through the reaction with hydrobromic acid.