How to grade and stage bladder cancer

The most common clinical staging of bladder tumors is the TNM staging. T refers to the location of the primary tumor, N refers to the regional lymph nodes, and M refers to distant metastasis. If it is muscle-invasive bladder cancer, the standard treatment is radical cystectomy, but some muscle-invasive bladder cancers can also choose bladder-preserving surgery, but these patients normally also need comprehensive chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Bladder cancer is staged according to the TNM stage, and the T stage is based on the degree of invasion of the bladder wall by the bladder tumor.

Can bladder cancer be detected by CT scan?

For invasive bladder cancer, CT can detect the depth of tumor infiltration into the bladder wall, local metastasis, whether there are lymph node enlargement outside the bladder, and can evaluate whether there is metastasis to the internal organs. These are two very effective examination methods. If only CT examination is performed, it is impossible to confirm whether there is bladder cancer. In order to better diagnose bladder cancer, it is best to do a cystoscopy. This examination method is more intuitive. Contrast examination can also be performed. There is also this kind of pelvic CT, or abdominal B-ultrasound, etc., to check whether there is a mass. Bladder cancer can be divided into benign tumors and malignant tumors. Bladder tumors of different natures have different effects on the patient's health.

Can urine routine tests detect bladder cancer?

Bladder cancer cannot be detected by urine test, because the nature of the disease cannot be determined by urine test alone. If you want to further confirm bladder cancer, you need to do bladder meridian and kidney function tests to confirm the diagnosis. Bladder cancer refers to a malignant tumor that occurs on the bladder mucosa. Once bladder cancer is confirmed, surgery is required in time. Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. There are generally no obvious symptoms in the early stages of the disease. As the tumor progresses, symptoms such as meaty urine and hematuria may appear. Larger cases may be accompanied by symptoms such as pain. In the case of urinary tract infection, frequent urination, urgency, and pain may occur. Urinalysis cannot detect bladder cancer. It is just one of the routine examination items for bladder cancer.