What are the indicators of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is a disease that only occurs in men. It can seriously endanger human health. In addition, the mortality rate of prostate cancer has been increasing in recent years, so the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer is imminent. So how do you know if you have prostate cancer? What are the indicators of prostate cancer? How should you treat it?

1. There are no special signs and symptoms for early prostate cancer. It only depends on screening to detect elevated serum pSA values ​​and rectal examination to detect abnormal changes in the prostate. If the patient has symptoms, it is generally advanced progressive prostate cancer. If the prostate-specific antigen is less than 4 and greater than 10, it is basically prostate cancer and should be treated actively.

2 Serum pSA is a heterogeneous marker for prostate cancer, which is very meaningful for the diagnosis of early prostate cancer without symptoms. pSA will increase in most prostate cancers and is also the most important early detection indicator for prostate cancer. Although pSA is the most commonly used method for detecting prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis can also show pSA positive results, which is the only disadvantage. Another method is to detect free prostate-specific antigen.

3 In many prostate cancer patients, most of the pSA is in a bound state, and the ratio of free pSA/total pSA is lower than that of normal people or patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Therefore, for men with abnormally elevated total pSA, free pSA should be tested first. By calculating the ratio of free pSA to total pSA, the specificity of screening and diagnosing prostate cancer can be improved, and the indicators of prostate cancer patients can be correctly obtained, so that patients do not delay the disease.

The symptoms of early prostate cancer patients are not obvious, but they will still experience frequent urination, urgency, and more trips to the toilet at night. It will be painful when they urinate, and it will take a long time to urinate. The urine will also become thinner. Rectal examination, B-ultrasound, MRI or CT scans are needed to determine whether they have prostate cancer. The disease must not be delayed, which will cause more serious consequences.