What should patients with liver cancer pay attention to in their diet after surgery? Complete diet guide for patients with liver cancer after surgery

Liver cancer patients often have poor appetite, do not want to eat, and often have symptoms of indigestion such as nausea, bloating, etc. Therefore, during the nursing process, we must pay attention to improving the patient's appetite and encourage eating. Liver cancer patients often have poor appetite, do not want to eat, and often have symptoms of indigestion such as nausea, bloating, etc. Therefore, during the nursing process, we must pay attention to improving the patient's appetite and encourage eating. Liver cancer patients should have a principled diet on a daily basis, and have a restricted diet after surgery, so as to facilitate the recovery of the body. 1. Daily diet for liver cancer: 1. Give high-protein, high-calorie, high-vitamin, low-fat food. Limit the intake of animal oil, 2. Diversify the diet, pay attention to food matching, and make sure that the color, fragrance and taste are complete, so as to increase appetite. 3. Eating should be based on easily digestible soft food, avoid hard and spicy products, eat less fried food, and eat small meals. Avoid irritating foods and foods with more plant fiber to avoid causing rupture and bleeding of esophageal or gastric veins in patients with cirrhosis. 4. Eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, drink fruit juices, and supplement vitamins. 5. Patients with fever should drink more water to help dissipate heat. 6. Patients with frequent vomiting should temporarily fast to prevent food from irritating the stomach, increasing the number of vomiting, and consuming physical strength. 7. Patients with ascites should limit sodium intake and give low-salt or salt-free diets. 8. Patients in the early stage of hepatic coma or hepatic coma should be given a low-protein diet with a total daily protein of 20-40g. Try to choose animal proteins with high physiological value, such as milk, eggs, lean meat, etc. 2. Dietary principles for liver cancer: 1. Balanced diet: Liver cancer patients consume a lot and must ensure that they have enough nutrition. The simplest way to measure the nutritional status of patients is whether they can maintain their weight. The best way to maintain a normal weight is to maintain a balanced diet, requiring patients to eat more fresh vegetables, and half of them should be green leafy vegetables. 2. Fat and protein: A high-fat diet will affect and aggravate the condition, while a low-fat diet can alleviate symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and abdominal distension in liver cancer patients. Liver cancer patients have poor appetite and eat less. If they do not have a balanced diet, they must increase the calories of their diet and eat easily digestible fats and sweets, such as honey and royal jelly. Sucrose, vegetable oil, cream, etc. Liver cancer patients should eat more protein-rich foods, especially high-quality protein, such as lean meat, eggs, beans, milk, etc., to prevent albumin reduction. However, in the late stage of liver cancer, when liver function is not good, protein intake should be controlled to avoid excessive protein intake that may induce hepatic encephalopathy. 3. Vitamins: Vitamins A, C, E, K, etc. have certain auxiliary anti-tumor effects. Vitamin C is mainly found in fresh vegetables and fruits. Carotene can be converted into vitamin A after entering the human body, so liver cancer patients should eat more animal livers, carrots, cauliflower, day lily, cabbage, figs, jujubes, etc. At the same time, they should also eat more fresh vegetables and fruits, such as radish, pumpkin, bamboo shoots, asparagus, apples, black plums, kiwis, etc. 4. Inorganic salts: minerals. Nutritionists divide inorganic salts into two categories: macroelements, such as calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, etc.; trace elements, such as selenium, zinc, iodine, copper, manganese, germanium, etc. Scientists have found that minerals such as selenium, magnesium, copper, magnesium, and iron have anti-cancer effects. Liver cancer patients should eat more foods containing trace elements with anti-cancer effects, such as garlic, mushrooms, asparagus, corn, seaweed, kelp, seaweed, clams, marine fish, egg yolks, brown rice, beans, whole wheat noodles, nuts, pumpkin, Chinese cabbage, kohlrabi, animal liver, kidney, ginseng, wolfberry, yam, ganoderma lucidum, etc. 5. Liver cancer patients often have symptoms of indigestion such as loss of appetite, nausea, and bloating, so they should eat easily digestible foods, such as sour plum soup, fresh orange juice, fruit juice, ginger sugar water, noodle soup, fresh millet porridge, etc., to help digestion and relieve pain. Do not eat too cold, too hot, or too full. Liver cancer patients often experience nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. They should eat light food that is appetizing and relieving nausea, such as almond juice, lotus root powder, corn paste, kumquat cake, mountain slag cake and other easily digestible foods, and avoid eating heavy oil and greasy food. 6. After liver cancer surgery, patients often suffer from general fatigue, sore limbs, poor appetite and spontaneous sweating due to damage to qi and blood. They should focus on nourishing qi and blood. They can eat crucian carp soup, black chicken soup, ginseng tea, longan, white fungus, and turtle. They should avoid eating hard and cold food. 7. Most patients with advanced liver cancer are in a state of systemic exhaustion and have difficulty eating. They should focus on strengthening the body. In addition to increasing nutrition, American ginseng or white ginseng is often used to soak in water to enhance the functions of various organs. 3. Dietary treatment of liver cancer Liver cancer is highly malignant and progresses rapidly among digestive tract tumors. Once diagnosed, active treatment measures should be taken, surgical treatment should be performed as soon as possible, and chemotherapy should be adopted. Whether before or after surgery, nutrition should be strengthened to reduce the body's consumption. Usually, intravenous nutrition is used for supportive treatment within 4 days after surgery. The implementation of intravenous nutrition can be divided into central venous infusion and peripheral venous infusion. Central venous infusion usually uses subclavian vein or internal jugular vein puncture and cannulation. It must be performed in the hospital and must be completed under strict aseptic technical operations. Otherwise, serious infection may occur, affecting continued treatment and even threatening life. The energy source of intravenous nutrition is glucose and fat emulsion dual-energy intravenous nutrition solution, which is beneficial to maintaining the body's protein synthesis and energy needs. When the condition gradually improves, it should be changed to enteral nutrition. After liver cancer surgery, the normal digestion and absorption function of the digestive tract is affected, which will cause symptoms such as anorexia, nausea, and poor appetite. Sometimes the appetite is still good, but it is difficult to eat, so patients must be encouraged to start with the simplest diet. When giving intravenous nutrition, half a volume of clear liquid food can be given first, and then a full volume of clear liquid food can be used later, mainly rice soup, vegetable juice, and sieved meat soup. If there are no complications, a half-volume semi-liquid diet with less residue can be given after 10 days. Gradually increase the quality and quantity of the diet later. Patients with liver cancer should eat small and frequent meals, avoid greasy food, and eat light, delicious food containing fresh vegetables, fruits, and less irritating food. Steaming, stewing, boiling, blanching, mixing and other cooking methods are often used, and the amount of various seasonings should be reduced. When patients are given chemotherapy after surgery, there will be many symptoms, that is, chemotherapy reactions, poor appetite, nausea, vomiting, decreased white blood cells, hair loss, etc. The diet should be gradually adjusted according to the specific situation of the patient, and a light, low-fat thick liquid diet should be used. Pay attention to the cooking method, the food should be extremely soft, easy to swallow, and easy to digest and absorb. Attention should be paid to the supplementation of vitamins, minerals and trace elements, and fruits can be used to satisfy hunger when necessary.