What is the biological treatment of liver cancer? Eight symptoms or precursors of liver cancer

It takes about 2 years for liver cancer to develop from the first cancer cell to the patient's symptoms. So what are the signs of liver cancer? Let's learn more about it from the experts.

Eight phenomena may be precursors of liver cancer

1. Pain in the liver area

The most common symptoms are intermittent and persistent dull pain or bloating, which is caused by the rapid growth of the cancer, which tightens the liver capsule and causes the tumor to invade the diaphragm. The pain may radiate to the right shoulder or right back. The tumor growing to the right back may cause right waist pain. The sudden onset of severe abdominal pain and peritoneal irritation signs indicates subcapsular bleeding of the cancerous nodule or rupture into the abdominal cavity.

2. Bleeding tendency

Liver cancer patients often have bleeding gums, subcutaneous ecchymoses and other bleeding tendencies, which are mainly caused by damaged liver function and abnormal coagulation function. It is especially common in patients with liver cancer and cirrhosis. Gastrointestinal bleeding is more common, mainly due to portal hypertension causing esophageal varices. In fact, gastrointestinal bleeding is also the main cause of death in liver cancer patients.

3. Lower limb edema

Patients with liver cancer and ascites often have lower limb edema, which may occur at the ankle in mild cases and spread to the entire lower limb in severe cases. Clinically, some patients have been seen with severe lower limb edema, with fluid seeping out of the thigh skin. The main cause of lower limb edema is ascites compressing the lower limb veins or cancer thrombus blocking the veins, which obstructs venous return. Mild edema can also be caused by low plasma albumin.

4. Digestive tract symptoms

Loss of appetite, indigestion, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea are easily overlooked due to their lack of sex specificity.

5. Weight loss and fatigue

Liver cancer patients often feel more fatigued than other tumor patients, which is similar to chronic hepatitis patients. The cause of fatigue is unknown. It may be due to digestive disorders, nutrient absorption disorders causing energy deficiency, liver cell damage, decreased liver function, metabolic disorders, certain toxins cannot be inactivated in time, or necrosis of liver cancer tissue releases toxic substances. Weight loss is also a common symptom of liver cancer patients, which is caused by damaged liver function and decreased digestion and absorption function. As the disease progresses, the degree of weight loss may worsen, and cachexia may occur in severe cases.

6. Paraneoplastic syndrome

The abnormal metabolism of the tumor itself affects the body and causes endocrine or metabolic abnormalities, which are called paraneoplastic syndromes. Hypoglycemia and polycythemia are the most common, while other rare syndromes include hyperlipidemia, hypercalcemia, precocious puberty, gonadotropin secretion syndrome, and carcinoid syndrome.

7. Signs of liver cancer - jaundice

Jaundice is a common sign of advanced liver cancer. Diffuse liver cancer and cholangiocarcinoma are most likely to cause jaundice. Jaundice is mostly caused by compression of the bile duct or invasion of the bile duct by cancer, which leads to bile duct obstruction. It can also be caused by compression of the bile duct by enlarged lymph nodes at the porta hepatis. In a few cases, the liver cancer tissue grows into the bile duct, and the mass blocks the bile duct, causing obstructive jaundice. After the tumor cells enter the intrahepatic bile duct, they continue to grow and block the common bile duct, or the detached mass enters the extrahepatic bile duct and causes tamponade. When jaundice occurs on one side of the liver blocked by the tumor, it may be accompanied by itchy skin, intermittent clay-colored stools, and decreased appetite. A few patients may experience right upper abdominal colic, chills, fever, jaundice, and very few people may experience symptoms of severe cholangitis. It is not uncommon for patients with liver cancer to have obstructive jaundice, but there is nothing special about their clinical manifestations, so the misdiagnosis rate is high, which can be as high as 75%.

8. Acute abdomen

Rupture of cancerous nodules usually causes pain in the liver area. During physical examination, there is obvious tenderness in the liver area, which is a symptom of liver capsule irritation. After the rupture of cancerous nodules, some patients will experience acute abdominal pain accompanied by peritoneal irritation symptoms, which can be easily misdiagnosed as acute peritonitis. The abdominal pain caused by the rupture of cancerous nodules is usually accompanied by a drop in blood pressure or even shock, which is different from general acute peritonitis.

How is the biological treatment of liver cancer treated?

Biological therapy uses one's own cells to treat one's own disease. It has the advantages of being safe, effective, and having no toxic side effects. Combined surgery can help patients recover as soon as possible after surgery. Combined radiotherapy and chemotherapy can reduce the toxic and side effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy and enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy and chemotherapy. It can not only effectively prevent postoperative tumor cell recurrence and metastasis, but also improve the patient's quality of life and prolong survival.

Biological immunotherapy uses DC and CIK cells to work together to fight against cells. It can accurately kill tumor cells, effectively kill tumor tissue or inhibit tumor growth, and is particularly good at removing residual and micro-metastatic lesions, preventing the spread and recurrence of cancer cells, and also enhancing the body's immunity.

Multicellular biological immunotherapy is the joint action of various immune cells to enhance and mobilize the body's own immune system to participate in anti-cancer. Single cell therapy has great limitations. This method of combining multiple immune cells and applying them to tumor biological therapy can combine the advantages of various cells, condense the local tumor killing advantages into overall anti-cancer advantages, and shape the body's immunity with the overall anti-cancer advantages. The relative advantages against tumor cells have greatly improved the efficacy compared with the simple DC-CIK therapy in the past.

Biological immunotherapy combined with other treatments can have a strong complementary effect. It can be used in conjunction with surgical treatment to prevent tumor recurrence and metastasis; it can be used together with chemotherapy to prolong the patient's life and improve the patient's quality of life. Biological immunotherapy has the characteristics of no recurrence and metastasis after treatment, and can also improve the patient's quality of life.