Examinations needed for testicular cancer

Testicular cancer is a malignant disease that seriously affects men's health. Early diagnosis is very important. Early diagnosis, early treatment and early recovery. If the treatment is not timely, it is easy to affect the patient's fertility. Therefore, early detection is the key. So what are the tests needed for testicular cancer? The following will introduce to you what tests are needed for testicular cancer.

Testicular cancer screening usually involves the following tests:

First, CT examination is more sensitive in detecting lung metastasis and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis in patients with testicular cancer. It has replaced intravenous urography and lymphangiography, and can detect lymph node metastases with a diameter of less than 2 cm.

Second, ultrasound examination is of great value in diagnosing diseases of scrotal contents, with a diagnostic accuracy rate of 97%, and can directly and accurately measure the size and shape of testicular cancer. In addition, it has diagnostic value for testicular cancer lymph node metastasis and abdominal organ metastasis.

Third, scrotal B-ultrasound examination can help confirm the mass in the testicle and is the preferred diagnostic method for clinical testicular cancer. Abdominal and pelvic CT is used to understand the situation of lymph node metastasis, and chest plain film and CT are used to evaluate whether there is lung metastasis. Therefore, abdominal/pelvic CT is an important basis for staging and grading of all testicular cancer patients. In the follow-up after treatment, positron emission tomography (PET) has high sensitivity and specificity for the evaluation of residual tumors after treatment.

Fourth, the translucency test is negative, and there is no sense of fluctuation. However, a small number of patients with advanced testicular cancer may have effusion or hematoma due to the influence of the tumor on the tunica vaginalis. In the past, some people advocated puncturing and aspirating the effusion of the tunica vaginalis before careful examination. This is no longer used, and surgical exploration is advocated to avoid damaging the tumor and causing implantation by piercing the layers of the tunica vaginalis, which will affect the effect of treating testicular cancer.

Fifth, frontal and lateral chest X-rays to understand the lung and mediastinum conditions of patients with testicular cancer.

Sixth, laboratory examination of tumor markers (tumor markers), AFP, HCG, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, PLAP placental alkaline phosphatase, especially AFP and HCG, provides extremely valuable reference for the diagnosis, staging, monitoring of treatment response and prognosis of testicular germ cells.

In addition to routine checkups, men with testicular cancer should have a prostate exam every year. In addition, men should self-examine their testicles every month to observe any abnormal changes or growths. Young men should have a physical testicular exam at least every 2 to 3 years, which makes it easier to detect testicular cancer, and the earlier it is detected, the easier it is to cure.