How is melanoma diagnosed

The diagnosis of melanoma is generally not difficult. For a few atypical cases, pathological examination is required for confirmation. Indirect immunofluorescence labeling of melanin tissue, double pap immunoenzyme labeling assay and pigmentogen examination are helpful for diagnosis, and are helpful for the diagnosis of "non-pigmented" or oligo-pigmented melanoma and for distinguishing benign nevus cell tumors and whether they have become malignant.

1. Anti-human melanoma serum is used for indirect immunofluorescence labeling of melanin tissue. When the anti-serum is diluted to 1:2, the highest positive rate can reach 89%.

2. Using the vacca double pap immunoenzyme labeling method, a positive reaction was detected when the antiserum dilution was 1:400.

3. Pigmentogen test: Melanogen is oxidized after being excreted by the kidneys, making the urine dark brown, which is called black urine. If ferric chloride, potassium dichromate, and sulfuric acid are added to the urine, its oxidation can be promoted. If sodium nitrate is added, the urine will be purple; if acetic acid is added first and then sodium hydroxide is added, the urine will be blue.