How to correctly diagnose melanoma

How much do you know about melanoma? Are you worried after you get melanoma? According to a survey, many patients who get melanoma miss the best time to treat melanoma because they know little about it and do not pay attention to it. So, how to correctly diagnose melanoma? Let's answer it together.

Preoperative biopsy is generally not recommended for malignant melanoma, because biopsy may promote the rapid spread of tumor cells. Therefore, when encountering nasal neoplasms, which are darker in color, black, purple-brown or light red, and have a nodular, cauliflower-like or polyp-like appearance, and are easy to bleed when touched, and malignant melanomas in other tissues and organs are excluded, a clinical diagnosis of nasal malignant melanoma can be made and treated directly without biopsy to avoid tumor metastasis. If a biopsy is necessary, do not use forceps. Excisional biopsy should be performed, and rapid sectioning is preferred. Once confirmed by pathology, the lesion should be extensively removed.

In addition, the morphology and size of malignant melanoma cells are diverse, ranging from polygonal, spindle-shaped to round, arranged in nests or whorls, with atypical tissue structure. Melanin particles are mostly distributed in the cytoplasm, and a few are distributed outside the cells, or are swallowed by phagocytes. The tumor structure varies greatly, and can be similar to both cancer and sarcoma. When the melanin reaches a certain amount, pathological diagnosis is generally not difficult, but if the melanin particles are too few, misdiagnosis may occur. Lund et al. believe that the s-100 protein positivity rate of malignant melanoma is almost 100%, which is particularly important for those without pigment. In recent years, it is believed that the HMB45 monoclonal antibody has higher specificity for melanoma cells than the s-100 protein and has been adopted.

Malignant melanoma is caused by abnormalities in cells that synthesize melanin. If surgery is performed early, more than 90% of cases can be cured. If it is discovered too late, it will metastasize to other organs and tissues in the human body and become life-threatening. Early malignant melanoma can easily be confused with common moles. Biopsy can detect cancer cells, but it can easily lead to cancer cell metastasis. The new system developed by the researchers can make accurate judgments by comparing multiple feature data.

In the experiment, the researchers selected 59 patients with malignant melanoma and 188 people with common moles. They compared and analyzed the magnified images of their affected parts and obtained a series of precise data such as the shape and color of common moles and malignant melanomas. These characteristic data were used as the basis for diagnosing other patients.

Clinical trial results show that the new system has a diagnostic accuracy of 94% for early-stage malignant melanoma patients with a subcutaneous depth of 0.75 mm, and a diagnostic accuracy of 74% for early-stage patients with a subcutaneous depth of 0.2 mm. Based on this, the researchers plan to further develop a system for remote diagnosis of malignant melanoma by sending images of the affected area via e-mail.

For those who suffer from melanoma, it is important to find out the cause of the melanoma and treat it symptomatically according to the cause and condition of the melanoma. The severity of melanoma can be serious or minor, so it is important to go to a regular melanoma hospital for examination and treatment in a timely manner. At the same time, after finding out the cause, the melanoma must be treated in a targeted manner. Do not just buy medicine to treat melanoma for convenience.