What are the types of colon cancer

Rectal cancer is mostly adenocarcinoma, which is mainly composed of columnar cells, mucus-secreting cells and undifferentiated cells. With the improvement of quality of life, the incidence of rectal cancer has increased year by year. It has been reported that the incidence of colorectal cancer ranks third. So, what are the types of intestinal cancer?

Patients with colorectal cancer often present with anemia, weight loss, increased frequency of bowel movements, deformed stools, and bloody stools. Sometimes abdominal masses and intestinal obstruction symptoms occur. The most common site of colorectal cancer is the rectum, followed by the sigmoid colon, and less common in other sites.

Macroscopically, the disease is divided into four types: ① raised type; ② ulcerative type; ③ infiltrative type; and ④ colloid type. This type is more common in young people and has a poor prognosis.

Microscopically, the following can be seen: ① Papillary adenocarcinoma: cancer cells are arranged in thin papillae with columnar epithelium and little stroma in the papillae; ② Tubular adenocarcinoma: cancer cells are arranged in glandular tubules; ③ Mucinous adenocarcinoma: There are usually two types. One is characterized by the formation of large mucus lakes with small piles of cancer cells floating in them; the other is characterized by cystic glandular structures with cysts filled with mucus; ④ Signet ring cell carcinoma: the tumor is composed of diffuse sheets of signet ring cells and does not form glandular tubular structures; ⑤ Undifferentiated carcinoma, cancer cells are often smaller and more uniform in shape, cells are diffuse in sheets or not in clusters, and do not form glandular structures; ⑥ Adenosquamous carcinoma; ⑦ Squamous cell carcinoma, which mostly occurs in the squamous epithelium covering the rectum and anus, and is relatively rare.