Kidney cancer biopsy grading

Kidney cancer biopsy grading and classification: Common (clear cell) kidney cancer is the most common type, accounting for the majority of renal cell carcinomas. Under the microscope, the tumor cells are large, round or polygonal, with rich cytoplasm, transparent or granular, and the stroma is rich in capillaries and sinusoids.

Papillary carcinoma accounts for a minority of renal cell carcinomas. It includes two types: basophilic cells and eosinophilic cells. The tumor cells are cuboidal or short columnar and arranged in a papillary shape.

Chromophobe cell carcinoma accounts for a minority of renal cell carcinomas. Under the microscope, the cells vary in size, with lightly stained or slightly eosinophilic cytoplasm, relatively concentrated cytoplasm near the cell membrane, and often with a halo around the nucleus.

Kidney cancer was previously classified into four levels. The higher the level, the more malignant it is. Yours is level one, which is a less malignant level.

Our best clinical grading is still divided into three levels, namely high differentiation, moderate differentiation and low differentiation. The previous levels one and two are combined into the current high differentiation. This grading is based on the pathological shape of the cells and the presence or absence of nucleoli. Level one is a small cell nucleus seen under the microscope, with no visible or obvious nucleolus.

Cancer is generally divided into three stages, which are also used to assess the level of cancer. In your case, it is level one, which is relatively mild. Level three is severe, generally in the spreading stage. It is late-stage cancer and requires chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Renal tumor is the most common tumor in the urinary system, second only to bladder tumor. The vast majority of primary renal tumors are malignant, including renal cell carcinoma, Wilms tumor, and renal pelvic cancer. Benign tumors of the kidney include renal adenoma, angiomyolipoma, hemangioma, lipoma, fibroma, and juxtaglomerular cell tumor. Renal cancer is also called renal cell carcinoma, renal adenocarcinoma, clear cell carcinoma, and renal parenchymal cancer. Due to the increase in average life expectancy and the improvement of imaging technology, the incidence of renal cancer has an increasing trend, and the number of renal cancers that are accidentally discovered during physical examinations without clinical symptoms has gradually increased.

In 1983, Grawitz observed that small yellow adenomas in the kidneys were similar to adrenal tissue and were assumed to be adrenal remnants. Based on this observation, Birch-Hirschfeld introduced the term adrenal-like tumor. From then on, adrenal tumor, an incorrect name, was used to describe renal tumors. With the advent of electron microscopy, it was proved that renal cell carcinoma originated from the epithelial cells of the proximal tubules of the kidney, so it was called renal cell carcinoma. The current classification of renal cell carcinoma is as follows:

1. Clear cell carcinoma.

2. Granular cell carcinoma.

3. Chromophobe cell carcinoma.

4. Spindle cell carcinoma.

5. Cyst-associated renal cell carcinoma.

6. Papillary renal cell carcinoma.

Kidney cancer is also called renal cell carcinoma or renal adenocarcinoma. It is the most common malignant tumor of the kidney. Due to the increase in average life expectancy and the progress of medical imaging, the incidence of kidney cancer has increased. There are no obvious clinical symptoms, but during physical examinations, kidney cancer biopsies are graded and divided into four grades.