What are the routine skin cancer care procedures?

Skin cancer is a malignant tumor that is extremely harmful to patients. It is also relatively common in my country. Basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are the most common, accounting for about 90% of skin cancers. Because skin cancer is an external disease with high exposure, patients need to take good care of themselves.

Skin cancer refers to malignant tumors that occur in the epidermis of the skin, and is divided into basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. It often occurs in exposed parts of the body, such as the head, face, neck, back of the hands, etc., accounting for about 81% of the total incidence. The occurrence of skin cancer is related to long-term exposure to sunlight, X-rays and thermal radiation, frequent contact with chemicals such as petroleum, asphalt, arsenic, tar, and long-lasting ulcers. The early manifestations of various types of skin cancer are mostly erythematous skin lesions accompanied by scaly desquamation or scab formation. It is not only difficult to distinguish its histological type by naked eye observation, but also easy to confuse it with benign skin diseases such as psoriasis and eczema. Pathological examination is often required for diagnosis. Whether surgery, radiotherapy or other treatment methods, skin cancer has a good effect, and the cure rate can be over 90%.

The beds of patients with photosensitive dermatitis and systemic lupus erythematosus should not be arranged near windows to avoid direct sunlight, otherwise it is easy to worsen the condition. If the skin disease is a local manifestation of a systemic disease, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, canker sores, drug-induced dermatitis, skin tumors, etc., in addition to general care for skin diseases, routine care should be provided according to internal medicine nursing to prevent complications. The patient's body temperature, pulse, and respiratory status should be checked once a day in the morning and evening. If there is any abnormality, the cause should be checked and hospitalization should be performed if necessary.

Patients should first pay attention to the cleaning of the wound surface before dressing change. Clean wound surface is conducive to drug absorption and wound healing. Patients with suppurative infection can be cleaned with 1:5000 potassium permanganate solution; those with powder can be washed with warm water; those with powder can be wiped off with paraffin oil; 3% boric acid solution can be used around the oral cavity, eyes, and nostrils; hydrogen peroxide can be used to clean when there is a lot of secretion in the external auditory canal, etc.

When caring for patients after skin cancer surgery, exposure to sunlight should be minimized. In terms of observing tumor recurrence, recurrence at the original site is more common than distant metastasis or regional lymph node metastasis. After discovering suspicious recurrence lesions, you should go to the hospital for diagnosis and surgery in time. The effect of reoperation is generally better. If surgery is difficult, radiotherapy can be performed. Skin cancer has a tendency to recur. When caring for the patient, the entire skin area should be closely observed frequently, especially paying attention to more hidden areas such as behind the ears.

If the melanoma surgery finds that the lesion is deeply infiltrated, the chance of recurrence or metastasis will increase significantly, so close attention should be paid to postoperative care for skin cancer. Although DTIC or BCG can be used as adjuvant therapy after surgery, the efficacy is uncertain. Therefore, attention should be paid to whether the patient's original lesion has recurred, whether there are satellite nodules around it, whether the lymph nodes in the drainage area are enlarged, whether the liver is enlarged, and regular lung radiography should be performed to understand whether there is metastasis to the lungs.

By understanding the above knowledge, friends have a very clear understanding of the care methods for skin cancer. The occurrence of skin cancer will bring harm and pain to many friends. It is very serious for the skin. Everyone should guard against the occurrence of skin cancer in life and carry out relevant care after the onset of the disease.