What are the pathological examination methods for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

What are the pathological examination methods for nasopharyngeal carcinoma? The emergence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma has endangered the health of many friends, especially after the onset of the disease has brought them more pain, so we should have a comprehensive understanding of the knowledge about nasopharyngeal carcinoma, we need to understand the examination methods of this disease clearly, the following will introduce to friends what are the examination methods for nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Common examination methods for nasopharyngeal carcinoma

1. Early diagnosis: Early diagnosis and early treatment are one of the most effective ways to improve the efficacy of tumor treatment. Early diagnosis can improve the treatment effect. The focus of nasopharyngeal cancer prevention and treatment is to vigorously strengthen the publicity of cancer prevention knowledge, so that the general public can know the early symptoms of nasopharyngeal cancer and seek medical treatment in time if symptoms occur.

2. Pathological diagnosis: The final diagnosis of NPC is based on pathological diagnosis. Although clinical symptoms, signs, X-ray, CT and serological diagnosis suggest NPC, a clear pathological diagnosis is still required. The methods for taking biopsy tissues of NPC include oral bite biopsy (the most commonly used method), nasopharyngeal biopsy through the nasal cavity, and fine needle aspiration of the nasopharynx.

3. Serological diagnosis: Since the level of EB virus antibodies in the serum of NPC patients is significantly different from that of patients with other malignant tumors and healthy people, it can be used as an auxiliary diagnosis method for NPC. It is mainly used for patients with symptoms of NPC, such as retractile bloody nasal discharge, tinnitus, hearing loss, headache, cervical lymphadenopathy, facial numbness, diplopia, etc. It can also help find the primary lesion for patients whose cervical lymphadenopathy is confirmed to be metastatic cancer by pathological biopsy or neck mass puncture.

4. Magnetic resonance imaging: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can clearly show all levels of the skull, cerebral grooves, gyri, gray matter, white matter, ventricles, cerebrospinal fluid ducts, blood vessels, etc., and the SE method can be used to display T1 and T2 extended high-intensity images to diagnose nasopharyngeal carcinoma, maxillary sinus cancer, etc., and to show the relationship between the tumor and the surrounding tissues. Since MRI can determine the tumor boundary more clearly and accurately, it is very useful for positioning the radiation field of radiotherapy. At the same time, MRI examination is very helpful in understanding brain damage after radiotherapy.

5. Type B ultrasound examination: Type B ultrasound examination has been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of NPC. It is simple, non-invasive and well accepted by patients. In NPC cases, it is mainly used to examine the liver, neck, retroperitoneum and pelvic lymph nodes to understand whether there is liver metastasis, lymph node density, cysticity, etc.