What are the pathological diagnosis methods for liver cancer

The patient's pathological diagnosis of liver cancer, pathological histology or cytology examination is the basis of the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver cancer, but when making a pathological diagnosis, it is still necessary to pay attention to combining it with clinical evidence. Only when the two are combined can they play the greatest role.

When serum AFP is negative, HCC should be differentiated from the following diseases:

Secondary liver cancer: It is more common in the metastasis of digestive tract tumors, and is also common in lung cancer and breast cancer. The patient may have no background of liver disease. The medical history may show digestive tract tumor manifestations such as blood in stool, fullness and discomfort, anemia and weight loss. The serum AFP is normal, while digestive tract tumor markers such as CEA, CA199, CA50, CA724 and CA242 may be elevated. Features of imaging examination:

They are often multiple lesions, while HCC is usually solitary;

Typical images of metastatic tumors show the "bull's eye sign" (the tumor has a halo around it, and the center lacks blood supply and is low-echoic or low-density);

Enhanced CT or DSA angiography shows that the tumor has fewer blood vessels and the blood supply is not as rich as that of HCC;

Gastrointestinal endoscopy or X-ray examination may reveal primary cancer lesions in the gastrointestinal tract.