Examination items required for diagnosis of urachal carcinoma

Urachal carcinoma is a special type of bladder cancer. Although it is relatively rare, once it occurs, it will pose a certain threat to the patient's physical and mental health. Therefore, early detection and early treatment are still very important. CT, B-ultrasound, and cystoscopy can help in the early diagnosis of urachal carcinoma.

CT examination: This is a better examination method for diagnosing urachal cancer. CT can detect tumors inside the bladder, outside the bladder, and inside the bladder wall. The visual range of the examination is wide and the observation is comprehensive. The examination found that the tumor is often located in the middle of the lower abdomen, connecting the top of the bladder and extending to the navel along the Retzius space. The mass has a low-density area, and most of them have calcification. In addition, CT can more accurately reflect tumors occurring in any part of the urachal tube, and can observe in detail the scope of tumor invasion, lymph node involvement, etc.

Cystoscopy: It is a good method for the examination of urachal carcinoma, especially when the pathological results of the tumor biopsy under the microscope are adenocarcinoma or accompanied by mucus in the urine. The diagnosis rate of urachal carcinoma is very high. When the tumor protrudes into the bladder cavity, a pedunculated, ulcerated mass can be seen on the anterior wall or top of the bladder, sometimes covered by mucosa, but when pressure is applied above the pubic bone, mucous substances can overflow from the tumor site, which is a typical feature of urachal carcinoma.

Ultrasound examination: The sonographic appearance of urachal carcinoma is mostly low echo or mainly low echo, the echo of the mass is uneven, and there may be high echo rings and calcification points around it. The sonographic appearance of the tumor is not significantly different from that of general bladder tumors, so it is not characteristic. Two-dimensional ultrasound and CT examination can show solid masses on the top of the bladder, the anterior wall or the abdominal wall, and show the relationship between them, which is helpful for further diagnosis of cancer.