How to prevent thrombophlebitis during chemotherapy for osteosarcoma

During chemotherapy for osteosarcoma, due to drug stimulation, improper operation and other reasons, side effects such as local tissue necrosis and thrombophlebitis may often occur, causing great pain to patients. When administering drugs intravenously, the operating principles should be strictly followed to prevent local tissue necrosis and the occurrence of thrombophlebitis.

1. When intravenously infusing highly irritating, high-concentration chemotherapy drugs, choose a vein that is elastic, large, has smooth reflux, and is easy to observe. Avoid repeated punctures. The puncture points should be selected starting from the extremities, alternating between the two limbs.

2. After puncture, first inject a certain amount of normal saline to ensure there is no leakage, and then add chemotherapy drugs to avoid damage to the vein by chemotherapy drugs during the puncture process.

3. When administering medication by intravenous injection, you can choose a superficial venous indwelling needle to reduce the possibility of leakage caused by mechanical damage, and pay attention to frequently changing the blood vessel for drug administration.

4. Apply nitroglycerin injection locally after puncture to dilate blood vessels, increase local blood flow, and avoid or reduce the occurrence of phlebitis.

5. Closely observe whether there is blood return or swelling at the puncture site, and ask the patient whether there is pain or other discomfort at the puncture site. Once leakage is found or suspected, medication should be stopped immediately, and under sterile operation, use the original needle to connect a syringe to perform multi-directional puncture and suction to absorb the exudate as much as possible, and then take measures to slow down the diffusion of the drug.