Three common types of perforation in colon cancer

Colon cancer perforation is the second most common and dangerous complication of colon cancer, second only to colon cancer obstruction. The incidence of perforation is 5.99%. Colorectal cancer complicated by perforation can occur in any part of the body, with the highest incidence in the left colon and the lowest incidence in the hepatic flexure and splenic flexure of the transverse colon.

Only by understanding the following three common types of colon cancer perforation can we provide symptomatic treatment and achieve the best cure effect.

Type 1: Chronic perforated colon fistula

The invasive growth of colon cancer causes the surrounding tissues and adjacent organs to be involved and adhere to the primary cancer, causing the primary cancer focus to necrotize and fall off. When perforated, it penetrates the adjacent involved organs and forms various types of colon fistulas.

Type 2: Acute perforation peritonitis

Acute perforation is often accompanied by varying degrees of low intestinal obstruction, with prodromal symptoms such as abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and cessation of defecation. It is connected to the abdominal cavity, with a large fissure, and a large amount of colon contents flows into the abdominal cavity, causing acute diffuse peritonitis.

Type 3: Subacute perforation abscess

Subacute perforation often occurs at the site of the primary cancer without colon obstruction. Because the perforation is small, the pressure in the intestinal cavity is not high, the amount of colon fluid flowing into the abdominal cavity is small and slow, and the surrounding tissues adhere to form a local encapsulated abscess or inflammatory mass.