Colon cancer can be treated with surgery

Colon cancer can be treated with surgery, which is effective in treating colon cancer. As the 21st century, there are many ways to treat colon cancer. Do you know what treatments there are for colon cancer ? This question is often asked by people, and let the experts answer these questions for us.

1. Surgical treatment

1. Preoperative preparation In addition to routine preoperative preparation, colon surgery must be well prepared for the intestine, including ① cleaning the intestine: eat a diet with little or no residue two days before surgery; take laxatives 1 to 2 days before surgery, and take medication a few days in advance if there is constipation or incomplete intestinal obstruction; cleansing enema, which can be performed one or several days before surgery depending on whether there is difficulty in defecation. ② Intestinal disinfection: kill pathogenic bacteria in the intestine, especially common anaerobic bacteria such as Bacteroides fragilis, and Gram-negative aerobic rods. Adequate intestinal preparation can reduce intraoperative contamination, reduce infection, and facilitate healing.

At present, some hospitals at home and abroad have adopted the method of whole intestinal lavage for intestinal preparation. The method is to drip or take a special lavage solution (containing a certain concentration of electrolytes and intestinal disinfectants to maintain a certain osmotic pressure) through a stomach tube, with a dosage of 4 to 8 liters, and squat on a defecation device. It can achieve the purpose of intestinal cleaning and disinfection at the same time, which is also the treatment of colon cancer.

2. Surgical Method

(1) Right hemicolectomy is suitable for cancers of the cecum, ascending colon, and hepatic flexure of the colon. The resection range is 15 to 20 cm of the terminal ileum, the cecum, ascending colon, and the right half of the transverse colon, together with the associated mesentery and lymph nodes. Cancers of the hepatic flexure also require resection of most of the transverse colon and lymph nodes of the right gastroepiploic artery. After resection, the ileum and colon are anastomosed end-to-end or end-to-side (closing the colon ends).

Right hemicolectomy is a commonly used treatment for colon cancer.

(2) Left hemicolectomy (Figure 2-89) is suitable for cancers of the descending colon and splenic flexure of the colon. Resection range: left half of the transverse colon, descending colon, part or all of the sigmoid colon, together with its mesentery and lymph nodes. After resection, the colon is anastomosed end to end or the colon is anastomosed end to end with the rectum.

Left colon cancer resection

(3) Transverse colectomy is suitable for transverse colon cancer. The resection range: transverse colon and its hepatic flexure and splenic flexure. After resection, the ascending and descending colons are anastomosed end to end. If the anastomotic tension is too great, right hemicolectomy can be performed and the ileum and colon can be anastomosed. This is also a treatment for colon cancer.

Transverse colon resection is a treatment for colon cancer

(4) Radical resection of sigmoid colon cancer Depending on the specific location of the cancer, in addition to resection of the sigmoid colon, the descending colon or part of the rectum may be resected. Colocolectomy or colorectal anastomosis may be performed.

Sigmoid Colon Cancer Resection

(5) Surgical principles for patients with intestinal obstruction: If the intestinal contents are significantly reduced after preoperative intestinal preparation and the patient's condition permits, a primary resection and anastomosis can be performed, but protective measures must be taken during the operation to minimize contamination. If the intestine is full and the patient's condition is poor, a colostomy can be performed proximal to the tumor first, and a secondary radical resection can be performed after the patient's condition improves.

(6) Principles of surgery when radical surgery is not possible When the tumor has extensive local infiltration or is fixed to surrounding tissues and organs and cannot be removed, if the intestinal tract is already obstructed or may soon be obstructed, a short-circuit surgery between the distal and proximal sides of the tumor can be used, or a colostomy can be performed. If there is metastasis to distant organs and the local tumor can still be removed, local palliative resection can be used to relieve symptoms such as obstruction, chronic blood loss, infection and poisoning.

The above is the explanation given by the experts on the treatment of colon cancer. I hope it can help you answer your questions. What the experts want to tell you is that in daily life, we must pay attention to our living habits and not let our bad habits lead to the occurrence of diseases.

For more information, please visit the colon cancer special topic at http://www..com.cn/zhongliu/jca/ or consult an expert for free. The expert will then give a detailed answer based on the patient's specific situation.