Common causes of lung cancer

Lung cancer is a very common primary malignant tumor, and its incidence is also very high, so people have to pay great attention to it. After years of extensive investigation and research, it is now generally recognized that the following factors are closely related to the cause of lung cancer.

1. Smoking

According to a large number of survey data from various countries, the cause of lung cancer is closely related to smoking. The increase in the incidence of lung cancer is parallel to the increase in cigarette sales. Cigarettes contain a variety of carcinogens such as benzopyrene. Experimental animals that inhale cigarette smoke or apply tar can induce respiratory and skin cancer. The incidence of lung cancer in smokers is 10 times higher than that of non-smokers. The incidence of heavy smokers is even higher, 20 times higher than that of non-smokers. At the end of this century, with the increasing number of female smokers in Western European countries, the incidence of lung cancer in female patients has also increased significantly.

Among clinically diagnosed lung cancer cases, those who smoke more than 20 cigarettes a day for more than 30 years account for more than 80%. In the past 20 years, the smoking situation in my country has been very serious, with nearly 300 million people having the habit of smoking. The smoking rate of male adults in large cities such as Beijing, Tianjin, and Shanghai is nearly 50%, and that of females is nearly 5%. There are also many smokers among young people. If necessary measures are not taken to control and discourage smoking, the incidence of lung cancer in my country will inevitably increase further in the next 10 to 30 years. Long-term smoking can cause hyperplasia of bronchial mucosal epithelial cells, squamous cell carcinoma, and induce squamous cell carcinoma or undifferentiated small cell carcinoma. Although non-smokers can also suffer from lung cancer, adenocarcinoma is more common.

2. Air pollution

The incidence of lung cancer is high in industrially developed countries, higher in cities than in rural areas, and higher in factory and mining areas than in residential areas. The main reason is that in industrially and traffic-developed areas, the atmosphere is polluted by harmful substances such as benzopyrene carcinogenic hydrocarbons produced by the combustion of oil, coal, and internal combustion engines and asphalt road dust. Survey materials show that areas with high concentrations of benzopyrene in the atmosphere also have a higher incidence of lung cancer. Air pollution and smoking may promote each other and play a synergistic role in the incidence of lung cancer.

3. Occupational factors

In the 1930s, there were reports of a high incidence of lung cancer in the Schneeberg mining area in Europe. After years of investigation and research, it is now generally recognized that long-term exposure to radioactive substances such as uranium, radium and their derivatives, carcinogenic hydrocarbons, arsenic, chromium, nickel, copper, tin, iron, coal tar, asphalt, petroleum, asbestos, mustard gas and other substances can induce lung cancer, mainly squamous cell carcinoma and undifferentiated small cell carcinoma.

4. Chronic lung diseases

For example, tuberculosis, silicosis, and pneumoconiosis can coexist with lung cancer. The incidence of cancer in these cases is higher than that of normal people. In addition, chronic inflammation of the lung bronchus and pulmonary fibrosis scar lesions may cause squamous metaplasia or hyperplasia during the healing process. On this basis, some cases may develop into cancer.

(V) Human body internal factors

For example, family inheritance, reduced immune function, metabolic activity, endocrine dysfunction, etc. may also play a certain role in the incidence of lung cancer.

(VI) Other common factors

There is a clear relationship between kitchen fumes and the occurrence of lung cancer in women. In addition, the incidence of lung cancer among cooks in the catering industry is higher than that of ordinary occupations. The mortality rate of lung cancer among those who often cook in the kitchen is nearly 1 times higher than that of those who do not often cook in the kitchen. The probability of lung cancer among those who often cook in the kitchen is even much higher than that of smokers who do not often cook in the kitchen. The reason is mostly due to cooking habits. It is no exaggeration to say that kitchen fumes have become an "invisible killer" that threatens our lives and health.

Many factors can lead to the occurrence of lung cancer. Therefore, experts remind that if you feel that you have early symptoms of lung cancer, you should go to a regular hospital for examination and treatment as soon as possible. Early detection and early treatment can avoid delaying the disease and causing serious consequences.

Lung cancer http://www..com.cn/zhongliu/fa/