Causes and pathology of bone cancer

The cause of bone cancer is still unclear. It is often believed that injuries, especially chronic minor injuries, chronic infection, heredity, radiation, endocrine disorders or vitamin deficiency can cause bone tumors. However, according to clinical statistics, about 30% of osteosarcoma patients have a history of trauma, and most of them develop the disease within 3-5 years after the injury. The first reaction to bone cancer is pain. Unlike general pain, the most significant feature is quiet pain. The quieter it is, the worse the pain. There will also be pathological fractures, osteoporosis, obvious swelling and tenderness of the limbs, numbness and even skin fever, vascular engorgement and other symptoms.

Pathological types of bone cancer include multiple myeloma, osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma, but the most common malignant bone tumor lesions are metastases to the bones, especially in the spine and pelvis.

There are three methods for bone cancer pathological tissue biopsy: 1. Needle sampling examination, with a success rate of 80-90%. 2. Incision sampling examination of the affected part. 3. Excision or scraping pathological examination: Tissue pathological examination is a final correct diagnosis made by a pathologist based on the pathological changes of the sliced ​​tissue.

The most important thing in diagnosing bone cancer is to distinguish between benign, low-grade malignant and high-grade malignant, which is closely related to the age, gender and location of the cancer. Therefore, it requires the cooperation of the patient, orthopedic surgeon, radiologist and pathologist to make the most accurate diagnosis and the best treatment effect in the early stage.

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