Does colon cancer require surgical treatment?

Colon cancer is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract that occurs in the colon of patients. The cure rate of colon cancer has always attracted wide attention. It has also been threatening people's health. Patients with colon cancer should be discovered and diagnosed as early as possible. So, how should colon cancer be treated? Let's take a look.

The principle of colon cancer is comprehensive treatment with surgical resection as the main

1. Radical surgery for colon cancer must include the intestinal loop where the pain and swelling are located, as well as its mesentery and regional lymph nodes.

(1) Right hemicolectomy: Applicable to cancers of the cecum, ascending colon, and hepatic flexure of the colon. For cancers of the cecum and ascending colon, the resection range includes the right hemicolectomy, ascending colon, cecum, and the terminal ileum, which is about 15 to 20 cm long. The ileum and transverse colon are anastomosed end-to-end or end-to-side. For cancers of the hepatic flexure of the colon, in addition to the above range, the lymph nodes of the transverse colon and right gastroepiploic artery group must be removed.

(2) Transverse colectomy: Applicable to transverse colon cancer. The entire transverse colon including the hepatic flexure and splenic flexure, including the lymph node group of the gastrocolic ligament, is removed, and the ascending colon and descending colon are anastomosed end to end. If the anastomosis is not possible due to high tension at both ends, for transverse colon cancer on the left side, the descending colon can be removed and the ascending colon and sigmoid colon can be anastomosed.

(3) Left hemicolectomy: Applicable to cancer of the splenic flexure and descending colon. The resection range includes the left half of the transverse colon, the descending colon, and part or all of the sigmoid colon depending on the height of the descending colon cancer, followed by anastomosis between the colon or between the colon and the rectum.

(4) Radical resection of sigmoid colon cancer: Depending on the length of the sigmoid colon and the location of the cancer, the entire sigmoid colon and the entire descending colon, or the entire sigmoid colon, part of the descending colon and part of the rectum can be removed, and a colorectal anastomosis can be performed.

(5) Surgery for colon cancer complicated with acute intestinal obstruction should be performed early after proper preparation such as gastrointestinal decompression, correction of water and electrolyte disorders, and acid-base imbalance. For right-sided colon cancer, right hemicolectomy and first-stage ileocolic anastomosis can be performed. If the patient's condition does not allow, a cecostomy is first performed to relieve the obstruction, and a second-stage operation is performed for radical resection. If the tumor cannot be removed, the terminal ileum can be cut off, and the proximal end ileum and transverse colon end-to-side anastomosis can be performed, and the distal end ileum can be stomated. When left-sided colon cancer is complicated with acute intestinal obstruction, a transverse colostomy should generally be made proximal to the obstruction site, and a second-stage operation can be performed for radical resection under the condition of adequate intestinal preparation. For patients whose tumors cannot be removed, a palliative colostomy is performed.

The above is an explanation of the treatment of colon cancer. I hope it will be helpful to you. If you have other questions, please consult our online experts for details.

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