Side effects of magnesium sulfate

Magnesium sulfate is a drug that can help people treat a variety of diseases. For example, constipation, food or drug poisoning, jaundice, cholecystitis, uremia, hypertension, angina pectoris and other diseases can be treated or assisted by magnesium sulfate. However, magnesium sulfate also has certain side effects. Below, we will introduce the effects, adverse reactions and precautions of magnesium sulfate.

1. Efficacy and indications

1. It is used for constipation and abnormal intestinal fermentation. It can also be used with anthelmintics. It can be used in combination with activated carbon to treat food or drug poisoning.

2. Used for obstructive jaundice and chronic cholecystitis.

3. Used for convulsions, eclampsia, uremia, tetanus, hypertensive encephalopathy and acute renal hypertensive crisis, etc.

4. It is also used for patients with frequent angina pectoris who are not well responded to other treatments, and it is more effective for patients with hypertension.

5. Apply hot compress externally to reduce inflammation and swelling.

2. Adverse Reactions

1 Intravenous injection of magnesium sulfate often causes symptoms such as hot flashes, sweating, and dry mouth. Rapid intravenous injection can cause nausea, vomiting, palpitations, dizziness, and nystagmus in some cases. The symptoms can disappear by slowing down the injection speed.

2 In case of renal insufficiency and large dosage of medication, blood magnesium accumulation may occur. When the blood magnesium concentration reaches 5mmol/L, muscle excitability may be inhibited, sensory reactions may be sluggish, knee tendon reflexes may disappear, and breathing may begin to be inhibited. When the blood magnesium concentration reaches 6mmol/L, respiratory arrest, arrhythmia and heart block may occur. Further increase in concentration may cause cardiac arrest.

3 Continuous use of magnesium sulfate can cause constipation, and some patients may develop paralytic intestinal obstruction, which will improve after stopping the medication.

4 In a very small number of cases, blood calcium is reduced and hypocalcemia recurs.

5 Magnesium ions can freely pass through the placenta, causing neonatal hypermagnesemia, which manifests as low muscle tone, poor sucking ability, inactivity, soft crying, etc., and a few even have respiratory depression.

6A small number of pregnant women develop pulmonary edema.

3. Notes

1. When taking a large amount of highly concentrated solution during catharsis, it may absorb a large amount of water from the tissues and cause dehydration;

2 Since intravenous injection is relatively dangerous, it should be used by experienced physicians. The injection should be slow and attention should be paid to the patient's breathing and blood pressure. If there are signs of poisoning (such as respiratory muscle paralysis, etc.), 10% calcium gluconate injection 10ml can be used for intravenous rescue;

3. Patients with intestinal bleeding, acute abdomen, pregnant women, and women during menstruation are prohibited from using this product for catharsis.

4 Patients poisoned by central nervous system depressants (such as phenobarbital) should not use this product for catharsis to eliminate the poison, so as to avoid aggravating central nervous system depression.