Drugs that dilate the trachea

Now the environment outside is getting worse and worse. The exhaust gas emitted by cars, the smog weather and the dust blown by strong winds can all cause respiratory infections. Even if you wear a mask when going out, you cannot guarantee that you will not inhale the dust when talking or opening your mouth, causing bronchitis. There are many types of drugs that can dilate the trachea. You can take a look at the following treatment-related introductions.

Medication

The treatment of bronchiectasis includes several parts: ① Antibiotic treatment of infection; ② Treatment of complications that cause bronchiectasis, such as sinusitis; ③ Symptomatic treatment such as hemoptysis and large amounts of purulent sputum; ④ Special causes, such as immunodeficiency and congenital genetic diseases, if the original cause cannot be corrected, only general thoracic medicine treatment can be used; ⑤ Breathing training and physical therapy to improve quality of life and work ability; ⑥ Surgical resection or lung transplantation.

1. General treatment Treatment includes infection control, bronchodilators and aggressive physical therapy. Physical therapy includes postural drainage, patting the back several times a day, breathing exercises, and education on respiratory health principles. Use moisturizers and expectorants to increase mucus mobility, and reduce exposure to irritants. Treat related diseases such as sinusitis, gastroesophageal reflux, immunoglobulin deficiency, etc., and get vaccinated against whooping cough, measles and influenza every year.

2. Treatment of hemoptysis Hemoptysis is a common symptom of bronchiectasis and a major life-threatening condition. Hemoptysis often has no clear cause and is not necessarily associated with other symptoms such as fever and coughing up purulent sputum. Small amounts of hemoptysis can usually be stopped by rest, sedatives, and hemostatics. Bronchial artery embolization can be performed for massive hemoptysis. Check with bronchoscope (hard endoscope is preferred), inject ice water locally, and block with thin gauze or Fogarty tube.

3. Surgery

(1) Indications for surgery: ① Localized lesions with obvious symptoms or recurrent lung infections are the main indications. Surgery can completely remove diseased lung tissue and achieve good results. ② If there are lesions on both sides and the symptoms mainly come from the side with the most severe disease, the severe side can be resected. If the lesions on the other side still have symptoms after surgery, drug treatment can be used.

③ If there are localized and severe lesions on both sides, such as severe hemoptysis, the more severe side should be removed first. If the lesion on the other side is stable, observation and medical treatment should be carried out. If the lesion progresses, resection should be carried out. ④ In case of severe hemoptysis without bronchial angiography and the location and extent of the lesion are unclear, most cases can be treated with bronchial artery embolization to stop the bleeding and then undergo elective surgery. If there has been bronchography and the lesion is clear, emergency resection can be performed. ⑤ If there are extensive lesions on both sides, the patient's general condition and lung function continue to deteriorate, medical treatment is ineffective, and the estimated survival time is no more than 1 to 2 years, and the patient is under 55 years old, bilateral lung transplantation surgery can be considered.