How to prevent tuberculosis infection_How to prevent tuberculosis infection

Everyone knows that the main transmission route of tuberculosis is through droplets, which means that you are likely to be infected if you talk face to face with a tuberculosis patient. You will also be infected if you use the same cup and tableware as a tuberculosis patient. The tableware of tuberculosis patients must be placed and washed separately. Prevention of tuberculosis is also something that must be learned all the time. So how can we prevent infection with tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis is a highly contagious, chronic wasting disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis invading the human body. It is not affected by age, gender, race, occupation, or region. Many organs and systems of the human body can be affected by tuberculosis, among which pulmonary tuberculosis is the most common.

The early symptoms of this disease are less obvious and similar to influenza in the early stages. It usually starts with a cough and blood in the sputum. As the condition worsened, the patient developed a low-grade fever, severe night sweats, chronic fatigue, weight loss, chest pain, shortness of breath, and a urinary tract infection. More serious cases may develop laryngeal tuberculosis, making the patient unable to speak.

More than 90% of tuberculosis infections are transmitted through the respiratory tract. Tuberculosis patients spray droplets containing tuberculosis bacteria (medically called droplet nuclei) out of the body through coughing, sneezing, and loud noises, and healthy people become infected after inhaling them.

Poor hygiene, close contact with sick people, immunosuppression (due to chronic diseases such as AIDS), unbalanced diet, and sedentary lifestyle (lack of exercise) all increase the risk of contracting TB. Tuberculosis patients should be isolated at home. Tuberculosis patients are the source of the spread of tuberculosis. Therefore, the patient must be placed in a certain environment, and the patient's secretions, utensils, etc. must be separated from those of healthy people. Patients should reduce contact with others and avoid going to public places. The best way to isolate tuberculosis patients is to be hospitalized and isolated in a specialized tuberculosis hospital to reduce the chance of infection to family members and others.

●Let the patient live alone in a room. It is best to give the patient a room with good air circulation and plenty of sunlight. If conditions do not permit, the patient can sleep in a single bed and always open windows for ventilation.

● The patient’s clothes and bedding should be frequently exposed to sunlight for disinfection. After the patient recovers, the room should be thoroughly disinfected. You can light the wormwood roll for fumigation or put 1 to 2 spoons of rice vinegar on the stove for steaming per cubic meter of space, and then spray the space and the ground with 3% bleaching powder supernatant or 3% Lysol, and close the doors and windows for 1-2 hours.

●Disinfection methods for daily necessities The patient’s utensils, sputum, and vomitus must be disinfected. Pay special attention to the patient’s sputum being spit onto paper or into a spittoon, which must be burned or disinfected before being poured away. The simplest method of disinfection is boiling. It can also be dried in the sun or disinfected with ultraviolet light. Alcohol, Lysol, lime water, carbonic acid, hydrogen peroxide, iodine, 84 disinfectant, etc. can all kill tuberculosis bacteria.