Serum chloride is high

High serum chloride often indicates kidney problems or hyperosmotic dehydration. Hypernatremia is also a symptom of high serum chloride. A preliminary diagnosis needs to be made in combination with more relevant examination data and the patient's clinical symptoms. If the data is just slightly high, the person being examined needs to exercise self-discipline in daily diet and ensure a light diet. If convenient, the person can be examined again.

Serum chloride test

Chloride mainly comes from salt in food. The main physiological functions of chlorine are basically the same as those of sodium, namely, maintaining the volume of intracellular and extracellular fluid, maintaining osmotic pressure and acid-base balance, and maintaining normal excitability of muscles and nerves. Chlorine also activates pepsin in the stomach. Under normal circumstances, the sum of anions in the human body always maintains a certain level. When Cl- decreases, HCO3– increases; when Cl- increases, HCO3– decreases. When the serum chloride concentration changes in parallel with the sodium concentration, it is considered to be a water metabolism disorder; when the serum chloride concentration is not parallel with the sodium concentration, it is considered to be an acid-base balance disorder.

1. Chinese name

Serum chloride test

2. Specialty Classification

Internal Medicine

3. Inspection Classification

Biochemistry

4. Related diseases

Hypernatremia, respiratory alkali poisoning; hyponatremia

5. Principle

When the measured ions in the solution contact the electrode, ion migration occurs in the water-containing layer of the ion-selective electrode membrane matrix. The charge change of the migrated ions creates an electric potential, which generates a transmembrane potential and a potential difference between the measuring electrode and the reference electrode. This point change is determined by the ion activity and is proportional to the ion concentration.

VI. Clinical significance

Indications for blood chloride testing are:

① Acid-base balance disorder;

②Disorder of water and sodium balance;

③Patients in intensive care.

Serum chloride content exceeding 106mmol/L is called hyperchloremia. Common causes of hyperchloremia include: reduced excretion, hemoconcentration, increased absorption, increased metabolism, hypoproteinemia, excessive intake, etc. Serum chloride content below 96mmol/L is called hypochloremia. Common causes of hyponatremia include insufficient intake, excessive loss, etc.

1. Increased: seen in hypernatremia, respiratory alkali poisoning, hyperosmotic dehydration, nephritis, oliguria and urethral obstruction, etc.

2. Decreased: seen in hyponatremia, severe vomiting, diarrhea, massive loss of gastric juice, pancreatic juice, and bile juice, decreased renal function, Addison's disease, diabetes insipidus, acute nephritis, etc.

Normal reference range

Normal reference value of serum chloride: 96～106 mmol/L.