What is the real indication for chloral hydrate enema

Enema is a relatively common medical technique. It can achieve a certain therapeutic effect through a small operation without making any cuts or damaging the skin. It is suitable for insomnia, difficulty falling asleep, convulsions, and high fever. Because many people have intestinal diseases, they are the main cause of intestinal infections and can cause a variety of complications in the body, so it is necessary to understand the indications, dosage, usage and adverse reactions.

Indications

Treat insomnia and is suitable for patients who have difficulty falling asleep. As a hypnotic, it is effective in the short term, but ineffective if taken continuously for more than two weeks.

Taking the medication before anesthesia, before surgery, before CT and MRI examinations, and before sleep EEG examinations can calm people and relieve anxiety, making the corresponding treatment process safer and smoother.

Anticonvulsant, used for the treatment of status epilepticus, and can also be used for convulsions caused by high fever, tetanus and eclampsia in children.

Dosage

Common dosage for adults: For hypnosis, take orally or by enema 0.5~1.0g, once before bedtime. For oral use, it is advisable to prepare it into a 10% solution or jelly. For enema, it is advisable to dilute the 10% solution 1~2 times and inject it. Sedation: 0.25g at a time, 3 times a day, after meals. For status epilepticus, 20-30 ml of 10% solution is usually used, which should be diluted 1-2 times and then injected all at once to be effective. The maximum limit is 2g at one time.

Common dosage for children: For hypnosis, 50 mg/kg of body weight or 1.5 g/m2 of body surface area at a time, taken before bedtime, with a maximum limit of 1 g at a time; it can also be taken at 16.7 mg/kg of body weight or 500 mg/m2 of body surface area, 3 times a day.

For sedation, 8 mg/kg body weight or 250 mg/m2 body surface area at a time, with a maximum limit of 500 mg, 3 times a day, after meals. Enema, 25 mg/kg body weight each time. The maximum amount is 1g each time.

Adverse Reactions

It is irritating to the gastric mucosa and can easily cause nausea and vomiting.

Large doses can inhibit myocardial contractility, shorten myocardial refractory period, and inhibit the respiratory and vasomotor centers in the medulla oblongata.

It has harmful effects on liver and kidneys.

Allergic rash and urticaria may occur occasionally.

Long-term use may cause dependence and tolerance. Sudden discontinuation of the drug may cause serious withdrawal syndrome such as nervousness, hallucinations, irritability, abnormal excitement, delirium, tremors, etc.

Contraindications

It is contraindicated for patients with severe liver, kidney, or heart dysfunction. It is contraindicated in patients with intermittent porphyria.

Precautions

Because individual sensitivity to it varies greatly, the dosage should be individualized. Patients with gastritis and ulcers should not take it orally, and patients with proctitis and colitis should not take it by enema.

Although this product can cross the placenta when used by pregnant and lactating women, it has not been found to cause teratogenesis in animals or humans. If taken frequently during pregnancy, the newborn may develop withdrawal syndrome. This product can be secreted into breast milk and can cause sedation in infants.