What are the causes of cerebral hypertension?

Hypertension is a common chronic disease in real life. If not treated in time, it may cause some physical complications and lead to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. There are many reasons for hypertension. Generally speaking, long-term mental stress can easily cause symptoms of hypertension, and long-term mental work can also easily cause symptoms of hypertension.

Factors associated with the disease include

1. Age: The incidence rate tends to increase with age, and the incidence rate is highest in people over 40 years old.

2. Salt: People who consume a lot of salt have a high incidence of hypertension. Some people believe that if the salt intake is less than 2g/day, hypertension will almost never occur; if the salt intake is 3-4g/day, the incidence of hypertension is 3%; if the salt intake is 4-15g/day, the incidence is 33.15%; and if the salt intake is >20g/day, the incidence is 30%.

3. Weight: The incidence rate is high in obese people.

4. Genetics: About half of patients with hypertension have a family history.

5. Environment and occupation: A noisy working environment and excessive mental work are prone to high blood pressure. The incidence of high blood pressure in cities is higher than in rural areas.

Blood pressure regulation mechanism

A variety of factors can cause high blood pressure. The heart's ability to pump blood is enhanced (such as increased heart contractility, etc.), which increases the amount of blood pumped out per second. Another factor is that the large arteries lose their normal elasticity and become stiff. When the heart pumps blood, they cannot expand effectively. Therefore, each heartbeat pumps blood through a space that is narrower than normal, causing increased pressure. This is why hypertension often occurs in elderly people whose arterial walls become thicker and stiffer due to atherosclerosis. Due to the stimulation of nerves and hormones in the blood, small arteries throughout the body may temporarily contract, also causing an increase in blood pressure. The third factor that may cause high blood pressure is an increase in the volume of fluid in the circulation, which is common in kidney disease. The kidneys cannot fully excrete sodium and water from the body, and the blood volume in the body increases, leading to increased blood pressure.

Conversely, blood pressure can fall if the heart's ability to pump blood is limited, blood vessels dilate, or excessive fluid loss occurs. These factors are primarily regulated through changes in kidney function and the autonomic nervous system (the part of the nervous system that automatically regulates many of the body's functions).